Fix #7041: Drop Annotated type trees at erasure

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/Erasure.scala

@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ object Erasure {
         case Block(_, tpt) => tpt // erase type aliases (statements) from type block
         case tpt => tpt
       }
-      val tpt2 = promote(tpt1)
+      val tpt2 = typedType(tpt1)
       val expr1 = typed(expr, tpt2.tpe)
       assignType(untpd.cpy.Typed(tree)(expr1, tpt2), tpt2)
     }
@@ -736,6 +736,9 @@ object Erasure {
     override def typedTypeDef(tdef: untpd.TypeDef, sym: Symbol)(implicit ctx: Context): Tree =
       EmptyTree
 
+    override def typedAnnotated(tree: untpd.Annotated, pt: Type)(implicit ctx: Context): Tree =
+      typed(tree.arg, pt)
+
     override def typedStats(stats: List[untpd.Tree], exprOwner: Symbol)(implicit ctx: Context): List[Tree] = {
       val stats1 =
         if (takesBridges(ctx.owner)) new Bridges(ctx.owner.asClass, erasurePhase).add(stats)

tests/pos/i7041.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import scala.util.control.NonLocalReturns._
+
+inline def (op: => T) rescue[T, E <: Throwable] (fallback: PartialFunction[E, T]) =
+  try op
+  catch {
+    case ex: ReturnThrowable[_] => throw ex
+    case ex: E =>
+      if (fallback.isDefinedAt(ex))  fallback(ex) else throw ex
+  }
+
+def test: Unit = {
+  9 / 0 rescue { case _: ArithmeticException => 10 }
+}