BUG: NDArrayBackedExtensionArray.transpose, copy

pandas/_libs/arrays.pyx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ cimport cython
 import numpy as np
 
 cimport numpy as cnp
+from cpython cimport PyErr_Clear
 from numpy cimport ndarray
 
 cnp.import_array()
@@ -131,9 +132,20 @@ cdef class NDArrayBacked:
     def nbytes(self) -> int:
         return self._ndarray.nbytes
 
-    def copy(self):
-        # NPY_ANYORDER -> same order as self._ndarray
-        res_values = cnp.PyArray_NewCopy(self._ndarray, cnp.NPY_ANYORDER)
+    def copy(self, order="C"):
+        cdef:
+            cnp.NPY_ORDER order_code
+            int success
+
+        success = cnp.PyArray_OrderConverter(order, &order_code)
+        if not success:
+            # clear exception so that we don't get a SystemError
+            PyErr_Clear()
+            # same message used by numpy
+            msg = f"order must be one of 'C', 'F', 'A', or 'K' (got '{order}')"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        res_values = cnp.PyArray_NewCopy(self._ndarray, order_code)
         return self._from_backing_data(res_values)
 
     def delete(self, loc, axis=0):
@@ -165,3 +177,7 @@ cdef class NDArrayBacked:
     def T(self):
         res_values = self._ndarray.T
         return self._from_backing_data(res_values)
+
+    def transpose(self, *axes):
+        res_values = self._ndarray.transpose(*axes)
+        return self._from_backing_data(res_values)

pandas/core/arrays/datetimelike.py

@@ -507,8 +507,9 @@ def _concat_same_type(
         new_obj._freq = new_freq
         return new_obj
 
-    def copy(self: DatetimeLikeArrayT) -> DatetimeLikeArrayT:
-        new_obj = super().copy()
+    def copy(self: DatetimeLikeArrayT, order="C") -> DatetimeLikeArrayT:
+        # error: Unexpected keyword argument "order" for "copy"
+        new_obj = super().copy(order=order)  # type: ignore[call-arg]
         new_obj._freq = self.freq
         return new_obj
 

pandas/tests/extension/base/__init__.py

@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@ class TestMyDtype(BaseDtypeTests):
 """
 from pandas.tests.extension.base.casting import BaseCastingTests  # noqa
 from pandas.tests.extension.base.constructors import BaseConstructorsTests  # noqa
-from pandas.tests.extension.base.dim2 import Dim2CompatTests  # noqa
+from pandas.tests.extension.base.dim2 import (  # noqa
+    Dim2CompatTests,
+    NDArrayBacked2DTests,
+)
 from pandas.tests.extension.base.dtype import BaseDtypeTests  # noqa
 from pandas.tests.extension.base.getitem import BaseGetitemTests  # noqa
 from pandas.tests.extension.base.groupby import BaseGroupbyTests  # noqa

pandas/tests/extension/base/dim2.py

@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@
 
 
 class Dim2CompatTests(BaseExtensionTests):
+    def test_transpose(self, data):
+        arr2d = data.repeat(2).reshape(-1, 2)
+        shape = arr2d.shape
+        assert shape[0] != shape[-1]  # otherwise the rest of the test is useless
+
+        assert arr2d.T.shape == shape[::-1]
+
     def test_frame_from_2d_array(self, data):
         arr2d = data.repeat(2).reshape(-1, 2)
 
@@ -244,3 +251,51 @@ def test_reductions_2d_axis1(self, data, method):
         expected_scalar = getattr(data, method)()
         res = result[0]
         assert is_matching_na(res, expected_scalar) or res == expected_scalar
+
+
+class NDArrayBacked2DTests(Dim2CompatTests):
+    # More specific tests for NDArrayBackedExtensionArray subclasses
+
+    def test_copy_order(self, data):
+        # We should be matching numpy semantics for the "order" keyword in 'copy'
+        arr2d = data.repeat(2).reshape(-1, 2)
+        assert arr2d._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        res = arr2d.copy()
+        assert res._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        res = arr2d[::2, ::2].copy()
+        assert res._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        res = arr2d.copy("F")
+        assert not res._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert res._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        res = arr2d.copy("K")
+        assert res._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        res = arr2d.T.copy("K")
+        assert not res._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert res._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        # order not accepted by numpy
+        msg = r"order must be one of 'C', 'F', 'A', or 'K' \(got 'Q'\)"
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
+            arr2d.copy("Q")
+
+        # neither contiguity
+        arr_nc = arr2d[::2]
+        assert not arr_nc._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert not arr_nc._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        assert arr_nc.copy()._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert not arr_nc.copy()._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        assert arr_nc.copy("C")._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert not arr_nc.copy("C")._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        assert not arr_nc.copy("F")._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert arr_nc.copy("F")._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]
+
+        assert arr_nc.copy("K")._ndarray.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"]
+        assert not arr_nc.copy("K")._ndarray.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]

pandas/tests/extension/test_categorical.py

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ class TestParsing(base.BaseParsingTests):
     pass
 
 
-class Test2DCompat(base.Dim2CompatTests):
+class Test2DCompat(base.NDArrayBacked2DTests):
     def test_repr_2d(self, data):
         # Categorical __repr__ doesn't include "Categorical", so we need
         #  to special-case

pandas/tests/extension/test_datetime.py

@@ -188,5 +188,5 @@ class TestPrinting(BaseDatetimeTests, base.BasePrintingTests):
     pass
 
 
-class Test2DCompat(BaseDatetimeTests, base.Dim2CompatTests):
+class Test2DCompat(BaseDatetimeTests, base.NDArrayBacked2DTests):
     pass

pandas/tests/extension/test_numpy.py

@@ -457,5 +457,5 @@ class TestParsing(BaseNumPyTests, base.BaseParsingTests):
     pass
 
 
-class Test2DCompat(BaseNumPyTests, base.Dim2CompatTests):
+class Test2DCompat(BaseNumPyTests, base.NDArrayBacked2DTests):
     pass

pandas/tests/extension/test_period.py

@@ -183,5 +183,5 @@ def test_EA_types(self, engine, data):
         super().test_EA_types(engine, data)
 
 
-class Test2DCompat(BasePeriodTests, base.Dim2CompatTests):
+class Test2DCompat(BasePeriodTests, base.NDArrayBacked2DTests):
     pass