BUG: unexpected value returned when `.reindex`ing on a `pd.Series` with a `pd.IntervalIndex` when using `np.nan` as an index value

[benlawson]

Pandas version checks

• I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

• I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> import numpy as np

>>> # expected behavior, currently working
>>> base = 100
>>> d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
>>> d.reindex(index=[np.nan, 1])
NaN    NaN
1.0    0.0
dtype: float64


>>> # unexpected behavior
>>> base = 101
>>> d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
>>> d.reindex(index=[np.nan, 1])
NaN    49
1.0     0
dtype: int64


>>> # varying size of index
>>> values = []
>>> for base in range(1, 200):
   ...:      d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
   ...:      value = d.reindex(index=[np.nan])
   ...: 
   ...:      values.append(value.iloc[0])
>>> print(values)
[nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, 49, 50, 50, 51, 51, 52, 52, 53, 53, 54, 54, 55, 55, 56, 56, 57, 57, 58, 58, 59, 59, 60, 60, 61, 61, 62, 62, 63, 63, 64, 64, 65, 65, 66, 66, 67, 67, 68, 68, 69, 69, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 72, 73, 73, 74, 74, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 80, 80, 81, 81, 82, 82, 83, 83, 84, 84, 85, 85, 86, 86, 87, 87, 88, 88, 89, 89, 90, 90, 91, 91, 92, 92, 93, 93, 94, 94, 95, 95, 96, 96, 97, 97, 98, 98]

Issue Description

I am using interval indices and using .reindex to index with missing labels (as suggested in the docs). However, it looks like if there are more than 100 rows in the index, when I .reindex with a missing key, i.e. np.nan, .reindex will return an unexpected non-null value. Since np.nan is not defined in the index, I would expect .reindex to return np.nan. But instead, it looks like value of a middle key is returned. When there are 100 rows or fewer, when I pass np.nan I get back what I expect, np.nan

Expected Behavior

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> import numpy as np

>>> # expected behavior, no change
>>> base = 100
>>> d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
>>> d.reindex(index=[np.nan, 1])
NaN    NaN
1.0    0.0
dtype: float64

>>> # unexpected behavior, changed to return `np.nan` when `np.nan` is passed in
>>> base = 101
>>> d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
>>> d.reindex(index=[np.nan, 1])
NaN    NaN
1.0    0.0
dtype: float64

>>> # varying size of index, changed to always return `np.nan` when `np.nan` is passed, regardless of the size of the index
>>> values = []
>>> for base in range(1, 200):
   ...:      d = pd.Series(range(base), index=pd.IntervalIndex.from_arrays(range(base), range(1, base+1)))
   ...:      value = d.reindex(index=[np.nan])
   ...: 
   ...:      values.append(value.iloc[0])
>>> print(values)
[nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan, nan]

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : 2e218d1
python : 3.10.9.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Linux
OS-release : 4.15.0-197-generic
Version : #208-Ubuntu SMP Tue Nov 1 17:23:37 UTC 2022
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : en_US.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 1.5.3
numpy : 1.24.2
pytz : 2022.7.1
dateutil : 2.8.2
setuptools : 65.6.3
pip : 23.0.1
Cython : None
pytest : None
hypothesis : None
sphinx : None
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : None
lxml.etree : None
html5lib : None
pymysql : None
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : None
IPython : 8.11.0
pandas_datareader: None
bs4 : None
bottleneck : None
brotli : None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : None
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : None
numba : None
numexpr : None
odfpy : None
openpyxl : None
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : None
pyreadstat : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : None
snappy : None
sqlalchemy : None
tables : None
tabulate : None
xarray : None
xlrd : None
xlwt : None
zstandard : None
tzdata : None

[raj-thapa]

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