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BUG: guess_datetime_format doesn't guess just year #49126

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@MarcoGorelli

Description

@MarcoGorelli

Pandas version checks

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  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

from pandas._libs.tslibs.parsing import guess_datetime_format

guess_datetime_format('2016')

Issue Description

Parsing just a year works fine in the stdlib:

In [5]: import datetime as dt

In [6]: dt.datetime.strptime('2018', '%Y')
Out[6]: datetime.datetime(2018, 1, 1, 0, 0)

This pattern of just having a year is quite common in the pandas tests - IMO it might as well be guessed to be of format '%Y' as it's not ambiguous

Expected Behavior

In [3]: guess_datetime_format('2016')

Out [3]: '%Y'

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : 7c0257f
python : 3.8.13.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Linux
OS-release : 5.10.102.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2
Version : #1 SMP Wed Mar 2 00:30:59 UTC 2022
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : en_GB.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_GB.UTF-8

pandas : 1.6.0.dev0+384.g7c0257fe3a
numpy : 1.23.3
pytz : 2022.2.1
dateutil : 2.8.2
setuptools : 59.8.0
pip : 22.2.2
Cython : 0.29.32
pytest : 7.1.3
hypothesis : 6.54.6
sphinx : 4.5.0
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : 3.0.3
lxml.etree : 4.9.1
html5lib : 1.1
pymysql : 1.0.2
psycopg2 : 2.9.3
jinja2 : 3.0.3
IPython : 8.5.0
pandas_datareader: 0.10.0
bs4 : 4.11.1
bottleneck : 1.3.5
brotli :
fastparquet : 0.8.3
fsspec : 2021.11.0
gcsfs : 2021.11.0
matplotlib : 3.6.0
numba : 0.56.2
numexpr : 2.8.3
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.0.10
pandas_gbq : 0.17.8
pyarrow : 9.0.0
pyreadstat : 1.1.9
pyxlsb : 1.0.9
s3fs : 2021.11.0
scipy : 1.9.1
snappy :
sqlalchemy : 1.4.41
tables : 3.7.0
tabulate : 0.8.10
xarray : 2022.9.0
xlrd : 2.0.1
xlwt : 1.3.0
zstandard : 0.18.0
tzdata : None
None

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