ENH: CI check for new extras_require

[JMBurley]

Feature Type

• Adding new (test) functionality to pandas

Problem Description

CI tests should validate that the setup.cfg extras_require added for pandas 2.0.0 in #47336 are valid.

@JMBurley & @mroeschke active in that PR.

Feature Description

A CI check that pip install pandas[foo] works and install the expected dependencies for all foo in setup.cfg.

Alternative Solutions

N/A - tests are needed.

Additional Context

I don't know the current web of triggers for the GitHub Actions used to execute current CI in Pandas, but validating these builds could take well over an hour if done sequentially.

(current CI checks are not fast at ~90 min but they could get even slower with these builds!)

I'd suggest setting up parallel execution on these builds and make sure that they are triggered early in the CI process.