False positive - Direct throw of generic Exception is discouraged

[ihor-sviziev]

Preconditions

1. Magento 2.4-develop
2. Latest coding standards

Steps to reproduce

1. Create file with following content:

<?php
/**
 * Copyright © Magento, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * See COPYING.txt for license details.
 */
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Magento\LoginAsCustomerAssistance\Plugin;

use Magento\Customer\Model\Metadata\Form;
use Magento\Framework\App\RequestInterface;
use Magento\Framework\AuthorizationInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Message\MessageInterface;
use Magento\Framework\Validator\Exception;
use Magento\LoginAsCustomerAssistance\Api\IsAssistanceEnabledInterface;
use Magento\LoginAsCustomerAssistance\Model\ResourceModel\GetLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed;

/**
 * Check if User have permission to change Customers Opt-In preference.
 */
class CustomerDataValidatePlugin
{
    /**
     * @var AuthorizationInterface
     */
    private $authorization;

    /**
     * @var GetLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed
     */
    private $getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed;

    /**
     * @param AuthorizationInterface $authorization
     * @param GetLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed $getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed
     */
    public function __construct(
        AuthorizationInterface $authorization,
        GetLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed $getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed
    ) {
        $this->authorization = $authorization;
        $this->getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed = $getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed;
    }

    /**
     * Check if User have permission to change Customers Opt-In preference.
     *
     * @param Form $subject
     * @param RequestInterface $request
     * @param null|string $scope
     * @param bool $scopeOnly
     * @throws Exception
     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedFormalParameter)
     */
    public function beforeExtractData(
        Form $subject,
        RequestInterface $request,
        $scope = null,
        $scopeOnly = true
    ): void {
        if ($this->isSetAssistanceAllowedParam($request)
            && !$this->authorization->isAllowed('Magento_LoginAsCustomer::allow_shopping_assistance')
        ) {
            $customerId = $request->getParam('customer_id');
            $assistanceAllowedParam =
                (int)$request->getParam('customer')['extension_attributes']['assistance_allowed'];
            $assistanceAllowed = $this->getLoginAsCustomerAssistanceAllowed->execute((int)$customerId);
            $assistanceAllowedStatus = $this->resolveStatus($assistanceAllowed);
            if ($this->isAssistanceAllowedChangeImportant($assistanceAllowedStatus, $assistanceAllowedParam)) {
                $errorMessages = [
                    MessageInterface::TYPE_ERROR => [
                        __(
                            'You have no permission to change Opt-In preference.'
                        ),
                    ],
                ];

                throw new Exception(null, null, $errorMessages);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Check if assistance_allowed param is set.
     *
     * @param RequestInterface $request
     * @return bool
     */
    private function isSetAssistanceAllowedParam(RequestInterface $request): bool
    {
        return is_array($request->getParam('customer'))
            && isset($request->getParam('customer')['extension_attributes'])
            && isset($request->getParam('customer')['extension_attributes']['assistance_allowed']);
    }

    /**
     * Check if change of assistance_allowed attribute is important.
     *
     * E. g. if assistance_allowed is going to be disabled while now it's enabled
     * or if it's going to be enabled while now it is disabled or not set at all.
     *
     * @param int $assistanceAllowed
     * @param int $assistanceAllowedParam
     * @return bool
     */
    private function isAssistanceAllowedChangeImportant(int $assistanceAllowed, int $assistanceAllowedParam): bool
    {
        $result = false;
        if (($assistanceAllowedParam === IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::DENIED
                && $assistanceAllowed === IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::ALLOWED)
            ||
            ($assistanceAllowedParam === IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::ALLOWED
                && $assistanceAllowed !== IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::ALLOWED)) {
            $result = true;
        }

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Get integer status value from boolean.
     *
     * @param bool $assistanceAllowed
     * @return int
     */
    private function resolveStatus(bool $assistanceAllowed): int
    {
        return $assistanceAllowed ? IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::ALLOWED : IsAssistanceEnabledInterface::DENIED;
    }
}

2. Run coding standards against it

Expected result

1. You shouldn't have any issues with it, especially message "Direct throw of generic Exception is discouraged. Use context specific instead" should not appear as "Exception" class is imported from Magento\Framework\Validator\Exception at the top of the file.

Actual result

PHP Code Sniffer detected 1 violation(s): 

FILE: .../LoginAsCustomerAssistance/Plugin/CustomerDataValidatePlugin.php
----------------------------------------------------------------------
FOUND 0 ERRORS AND 1 WARNING AFFECTING 1 LINE
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 74 | WARNING | Direct throw of generic Exception is discouraged. Use
    |         | context specific instead.
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Additional info

We found this issue on the following PR: magento/magento2#29688

[m2-assistant]

Hi @ihor-sviziev. Thank you for your report.
To help us process this issue please make sure that you provided sufficient information.

Please, add a comment to assign the issue: @magento I am working on this

---

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[ivancukns]

Until this gets fixed by Magento, one possible workaround is to assign an alias to this Exception class, like this:
use Magento\Framework\Validator\Exception as ValidatorException;

Same goes for all classes that are named like the base generic Exception class.

[rmsundar1]

@magento I am working on this