diff --git a/packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts b/packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts
index 90cc22f5470..cb68d558d5e 100644
--- a/packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime-core/src/renderer.ts
@@ -72,7 +72,11 @@ import {
 } from './components/Teleport'
 import { type KeepAliveContext, isKeepAlive } from './components/KeepAlive'
 import { isHmrUpdating, registerHMR, unregisterHMR } from './hmr'
-import { type RootHydrateFunction, createHydrationFunctions } from './hydration'
+import {
+  DOMNodeTypes,
+  type RootHydrateFunction,
+  createHydrationFunctions,
+} from './hydration'
 import { invokeDirectiveHook } from './directives'
 import { endMeasure, startMeasure } from './profiling'
 import {
@@ -2185,24 +2189,10 @@ function baseCreateRenderer(
 
   const remove: RemoveFn = vnode => {
     const { type, el, anchor, transition } = vnode
-    if (type === Fragment) {
-      if (
-        __DEV__ &&
-        vnode.patchFlag > 0 &&
-        vnode.patchFlag & PatchFlags.DEV_ROOT_FRAGMENT &&
-        transition &&
-        !transition.persisted
-      ) {
-        ;(vnode.children as VNode[]).forEach(child => {
-          if (child.type === Comment) {
-            hostRemove(child.el!)
-          } else {
-            remove(child)
-          }
-        })
-      } else {
-        removeFragment(el!, anchor!)
-      }
+    const isFragment = type === Fragment
+
+    if ((!__DEV__ || !transition) && isFragment) {
+      removeFragment(el!, anchor!)
       return
     }
 
@@ -2212,21 +2202,23 @@ function baseCreateRenderer(
     }
 
     const performRemove = () => {
-      hostRemove(el!)
+      isFragment ? removeFragment(el!, anchor!) : hostRemove(el!)
       if (transition && !transition.persisted && transition.afterLeave) {
         transition.afterLeave()
       }
     }
 
     if (
-      vnode.shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.ELEMENT &&
+      (isFragment || vnode.shapeFlag & ShapeFlags.ELEMENT) &&
       transition &&
       !transition.persisted
     ) {
       const { leave, delayLeave } = transition
-      const performLeave = () => leave(el!, performRemove)
+      const effectiveEl =
+        __DEV__ && !isFragment ? el! : getFirstElement(el!, anchor!)
+      const performLeave = () => leave(effectiveEl, performRemove)
       if (delayLeave) {
-        delayLeave(vnode.el!, performRemove, performLeave)
+        delayLeave(el!, performRemove, performLeave)
       } else {
         performLeave()
       }
@@ -2247,6 +2239,14 @@ function baseCreateRenderer(
     hostRemove(end)
   }
 
+  const getFirstElement = (cur: RendererNode, end: RendererNode) => {
+    while (cur.nodeType !== DOMNodeTypes.ELEMENT && cur !== end) {
+      cur = hostNextSibling(cur)!
+    }
+
+    return cur
+  }
+
   const unmountComponent = (
     instance: ComponentInternalInstance,
     parentSuspense: SuspenseBoundary | null,
diff --git a/packages/vue/__tests__/e2e/Transition.spec.ts b/packages/vue/__tests__/e2e/Transition.spec.ts
index c0863a75991..869dc4694d5 100644
--- a/packages/vue/__tests__/e2e/Transition.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vue/__tests__/e2e/Transition.spec.ts
@@ -3053,7 +3053,7 @@ describe('e2e: Transition', () => {
   })
 
   test(
-    'should work with dev root fragment',
+    'toggle single component with comments before the single root element',
     async () => {
       await page().evaluate(() => {
         const { createApp, ref } = (window as any).Vue
@@ -3061,9 +3061,9 @@ describe('e2e: Transition', () => {
           components: {
             Comp: {
               template: `
-                  <!-- Broken! -->
-                  <div><slot /></div>
-                `,
+                <!-- Broken! -->
+                <div><slot /></div>
+              `,
             },
           },
           template: `
@@ -3121,4 +3121,77 @@ describe('e2e: Transition', () => {
     },
     E2E_TIMEOUT,
   )
+
+  test(
+    'toggle multiple components with comments before the single root element',
+    async () => {
+      await page().evaluate(() => {
+        const { createApp, ref } = (window as any).Vue
+        createApp({
+          components: {
+            One: {
+              template: `
+                <!-- Breaking Comment -->
+                <div class="one">One</div>
+              `,
+            },
+            Two: {
+              template: `<div class="two">Two</div>`,
+            },
+          },
+          template: `
+            <button id="toggleBtn" @click="click">button</button>
+            <div id="container">
+              <transition mode="out-in">
+                <One v-if="toggle"></One>
+                <Two v-else></Two>
+              </transition>
+            </div>
+          `,
+          setup: () => {
+            const toggle = ref(true)
+            const click = () => (toggle.value = !toggle.value)
+            return { toggle, click }
+          },
+        }).mount('#app')
+      })
+
+      expect(await html('#container')).toBe(
+        '<!-- Breaking Comment --><div class="one">One</div>',
+      )
+
+      // one -> two
+      expect(await classWhenTransitionStart()).toStrictEqual([
+        'one',
+        'v-leave-from',
+        'v-leave-active',
+      ])
+      await nextFrame()
+      expect(await classList('.two')).toStrictEqual([
+        'two',
+        'v-enter-from',
+        'v-enter-active',
+      ])
+      await transitionFinish(duration * 2)
+      expect(await html('#container')).toBe('<div class="two">Two</div>')
+
+      // two -> one
+      expect(await classWhenTransitionStart()).toStrictEqual([
+        'two',
+        'v-leave-from',
+        'v-leave-active',
+      ])
+      await nextFrame()
+      expect(await classList('.one')).toStrictEqual([
+        'one',
+        'v-enter-from',
+        'v-enter-active',
+      ])
+      await transitionFinish(duration * 2)
+      expect(await html('#container')).toBe(
+        '<!-- Breaking Comment --><div class="one">One</div>',
+      )
+    },
+    E2E_TIMEOUT,
+  )
 })