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`GAUSS` function calculates the probability that a member of a standard normal population will fall between the mean and z standard deviations from the mean.
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The `GAUSS` function calculates the probability that a value from a standard normal distribution will fall between the mean and a specified number of standard deviations (z) from the mean.
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**Syntax:**
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_GAUSS(z)_
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**where:**
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* z : The number of standard deviations away from the mean of the standard normal distribution. A positive z value indicates that the data point is above the mean, while a negative z value indicates that it is below the mean.
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* z : The number of standard deviations away from the mean. A positive value indicates a point is above the mean, while a negative value indicates a point below the mean.
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**Remarks:**
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* If z is not a valid number, GAUSS returns the `#NUM!` error value.
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* If z is not a valid number, GAUSS returns the `#NUM!` error.
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* If z is not a valid data type, GAUSS returns the `#VALUE!` error value.
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* If z is not a valid data type, GAUSS returns the `#VALUE!` error.
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*Because NORM.S.DIST(0,True) always returns 0.5, GAUSS(z) will always be 0.5 less than NORM.S.DIST(z,True).
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*Since NORM.S.DIST(0,TRUE) always returns 0.5, GAUSS(z) will always be 0.5 less than NORM.S.DIST(z,TRUE).
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## GAMMA
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`GAMMA` function returns the gamma function value for a given number.
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The `GAMMA` function returns the value of the gamma function for a specified number.
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**Syntax:**
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_GAMMA(number)_
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**where:**
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* Number: The value for which is used to calculate the gamma function.
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* Number: The value for which the gamma function is to be calculated.
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**Remarks:**
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*`GAMMA` uses the following equation: Γ(N+1)=N×Γ(N).
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*The `GAMMA`function uses the following relationship: Γ(N+1)=N×Γ(N).
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* If Number is a negative integer or 0, `GAMMA` returns the `#NUM!` error value.
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* If Number is a negative integer or 0, `GAMMA` returns the `#NUM!` error.
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* If Number contains characters that are not valid, `GAMMA` returns the `#VALUE!` error value.
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* If Number contains characters or non-numeric data, `GAMMA` returns the `#VALUE!` error.
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## VAR.S
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The `VAR.S` function estimates the variance based on a sample of a population, ignoring logical values and text within the sample.
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The `VAR.S` function estimates the variance for a sample of a population, ignoring logical values and text within the sample.
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**Syntax:**
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_VAR.S(number1, [number2], ... )_
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**where:**
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* Number1: Required. The first number argument corresponding to a sample of a population.
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* Number1: Required. The first number or sample from the population.
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* Number2, ...: Optional. Additional number arguments, up to 254, that correspond to a sample of a population.
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* Number2, ...: Optional. Additional numbers, up to 254, representing the sample data.
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**Remarks:**
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*`VAR.S` assumes that its arguments represent a sample of the population. If your data represents the entire population, use the `VAR.P` function instead.
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*`VAR.S` assumes the arguments represent a sample of the population. If your data represents the entire population, use `VAR.P`.
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* Arguments can be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.
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Logical values and text representations of numbers that are typed directly into the list of arguments are counted.
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* Arguments can include numbers, arrays, or references containing numbers. Logical values and text representations of numbers entered directly are included.
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*If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers within that array or reference are counted; empty cells, logical values, text, or error values are ignored.
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*Only numbers within arrays or references are counted; empty cells, logical values, text, or errors are ignored.
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* Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers will cause errors.
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To include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the `VARA` function.
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* Arguments that are error values or non-numeric text will cause errors.
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To include logical values and text numbers in references, use the `VARA` function.
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## FREQUENCY
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The `FREQUENCY` function calculates how often values occur within a range of values and returns a vertical array of numbers representing the frequency distribution.
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The `FREQUENCY` function calculates how often values occur within specified ranges and returns an array representing the frequency distribution.
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**Syntax:**
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_FREQUENCY(data_array, bins_array)_
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**where:**
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* data_array: An array or reference to a set of values for which you want to count frequencies.
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* data_array: An array or reference to the set of values for which you want to count frequencies.
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* bins_array: An array or reference to intervals into which you want to group the values in data_array.
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* bins_array: An array or reference to intervals that define the frequency ranges.
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