Merge pull request #400 from sir-gon/feature/frequency-queries

[Hacker Rank] Interview Preparation Kit: Dictionaries and Hashmaps: F…

Author: sir-gon

docs/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/dictionaries_and_hashmaps/frequency-queries.md

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+# [Dictionaries and Hashmaps: Frequency Queries](https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/frequency-queries)
+
+- Difficulty:  `#medium`
+- Category: `#ProblemSolvingIntermediate`
+
+You are given  queries. Each query is of the form two integers described below:
+
+- `1 x`: Insert x in your data structure.
+- `2 y`: Delete one occurence of y from your data structure, if present.
+- `3 z`: Check if any integer is present whose frequency is exactly `z`.
+If yes, print `1` else `0`.
+
+The queries are given in the form of a 2-D array `queries` of
+size where `queries[i][0]` contains the operation,
+and `queries[i][0]` contains the data element.
+
+## Example
+
+The results of each operation are:
+
+```text
+Operation   Array   Output
+(1,1)       [1]
+(2,2)       [1]
+(3,2)                   0
+(1,1)       [1,1]
+(1,1)       [1,1,1]
+(2,1)       [1,1]
+(3,2)                   1
+```
+
+Return an array with the output: [0, 1].
+
+## Function Description
+
+Complete the freqQuery function in the editor below.
+
+freqQuery has the following parameter(s):
+
+- `int queries[q][2]`: a 2-d array of integers
+
+## Returns
+
+- `int[]`: the results of queries of type `3`
+
+## Input Format
+
+The first line contains of an integer `q`, the number of queries.
+
+Each of the next `q` lines contains two space-separated integers,
+`queries[i][0]` and `queries[i][1]`.
+
+## Constraints
+
+- $ 1 \leq q \leq 10^5 $
+- $ 1 \leq x, y, z \leq 10^9 $
+- All $ queries[i][0] \isin \{1, 2, 3\} $
+- $ 1 \leq queries[i][1] \leq 10^9 $
+
+## Sample Input 0
+
+```text
+8
+1 5
+1 6
+3 2
+1 10
+1 10
+1 6
+2 5
+3 2
+```
+
+## Sample Output 0
+
+```text
+0
+1
+```
+
+## Explanation 0
+
+For the first query of type `3`, there is no integer
+whose frequency is `2` (`array = [5, 6]`).
+So answer is `0`.
+
+For the second query of type `3`, there are two integers
+in `array = [6, 10, 10, 6]` whose frequency is `2`(integer = `6` and `10`).
+So, the answer is `1`.
+
+## Sample Input 1
+
+```†ext
+4
+3 4
+2 1003
+1 16
+3 1
+```
+
+## Sample Output 1
+
+```†ext
+0
+1
+```
+
+## Explanation 1
+
+For the first query of type `3`, there is no integer of frequency `4`.
+The answer is `0`. For the second query of type `3`,
+there is one integer, `16` of frequency `1` so the answer is `1`.
+
+## Sample Input 2
+
+```text
+10
+1 3
+2 3
+3 2
+1 4
+1 5
+1 5
+1 4
+3 2
+2 4
+3 2
+```
+
+## Sample Output 2
+
+```text
+0
+1
+1
+
+```
+
+## Explanation 2
+
+When the first output query is run, the array is empty.
+We insert two `4`'s and two `5`'s before the second output query,
+`arr = [4, 5, 5, 4]` so there are two instances of elements occurring twice.
+We delete a `4` and run the same query.
+Now only the instances of `5` satisfy the query.

src/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/dictionaries_and_hashmaps/frequency_queries.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from '@jest/globals';
+import { logger as console } from '../../../logger';
+
+import { freqQuery } from './frequency_queries';
+
+const TEST_CASES = [
+  {
+    title: 'Sample Test Case 0',
+    input: [
+      [1, 5],
+      [1, 6],
+      [3, 2],
+      [1, 10],
+      [1, 10],
+      [1, 6],
+      [2, 5],
+      [3, 2]
+    ],
+    expected: [0, 1]
+  }
+];
+
+describe('frequency_queries', () => {
+  it('freqQuery test cases', () => {
+    expect.assertions(1);
+
+    TEST_CASES.forEach((value) => {
+      const answer = freqQuery(value.input);
+
+      console.debug(`checkMagazine(${value.input}) solution found: ${answer}`);
+
+      expect(answer).toStrictEqual(value.expected);
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('freqQuery border case', () => {
+    expect.assertions(1);
+
+    expect(() => {
+      freqQuery([[4, 1]]);
+    }).toThrow('Invalid operation');
+  });
+});

src/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/dictionaries_and_hashmaps/frequency_queries.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/**
+ * @link Problem definition [[docs/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/dictionaries_and_hashmaps/frequency-queries.md]]
+ */
+
+// Complete the freqQuery function below.
+export function freqQuery(queries: number[][]): number[] {
+  const result: number[] = [];
+  const data_map: Record<number, number> = {};
+
+  const __INITIAL__ = 0;
+  const __INSERT__ = 1;
+  const __DELETE__ = 2;
+  const __SELECT__ = 3;
+
+  queries.forEach((query) => {
+    const [operation, data] = query;
+
+    const current = data_map?.[data] ?? __INITIAL__;
+
+    switch (operation) {
+      case __INSERT__:
+        data_map[data] = current + 1;
+        break;
+      case __DELETE__:
+        data_map[data] = Math.max(0, current - 1);
+        break;
+      case __SELECT__:
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data_map)) {
+          console.log(key, value);
+          if (value == data) {
+            result.push(1);
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        if (result.length == 0) {
+          result.push(0);
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        throw new Error('Invalid operation');
+    }
+  });
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+export default { freqQuery };