Fix #4172: Add regression test

Author: nicolasstucki

tests/run/i4172.check

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Test$.test(i4172.scala:11)

tests/run/i4172.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+object Test {
+  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
+    test
+  }
+
+  transparent def foo(first: Int*)(second: String = "") = {
+    println(new Exception().getStackTrace.head)
+  }
+
+  def test = {
+    foo(1)()
+  }
+}