diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/builtin.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/builtin.rs
index b303f55cf772b..92e627bce0293 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/builtin.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/builtin.rs
@@ -571,6 +571,12 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for MissingDoc {
         self.check_missing_docs_attrs(cx, hir::CRATE_HIR_ID, krate.item.inner, "the", "crate");
 
         for macro_def in krate.exported_macros {
+            // Non exported macros should be skipped, since `missing_docs` only
+            // applies to externally visible items.
+            if !cx.access_levels.is_exported(macro_def.hir_id()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
             let attrs = cx.tcx.hir().attrs(macro_def.hir_id());
             let has_doc = attrs.iter().any(|a| has_doc(cx.sess(), a));
             if !has_doc {
diff --git a/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.rs b/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..8d1d5c568803b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Checks that undocumented private macros will not generate `missing_docs`
+// lints, but public ones will.
+//
+// This is a regression test for issue #57569
+#![deny(missing_docs)]
+#![feature(decl_macro)]
+//! Empty documentation.
+
+macro new_style_private_macro {
+    () => ()
+}
+
+pub(crate) macro new_style_crate_macro {
+    () => ()
+}
+
+macro_rules! old_style_private_macro {
+    () => ()
+}
+
+mod submodule {
+    pub macro new_style_macro_in_private_module {
+        () => ()
+    }
+
+    macro_rules! old_style_mod_private_macro {
+        () => ()
+    }
+
+    #[macro_export]
+    macro_rules! exported_to_top_level {
+        //~^ ERROR missing documentation for macro
+        () => ()
+    }
+}
+
+pub macro top_level_pub_macro {
+    //~^ ERROR missing documentation for macro
+    () => ()
+}
+
+/// Empty documentation.
+pub fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.stderr b/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a5d39faf40562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/lint/missing-doc-private-macro.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+error: missing documentation for macro
+  --> $DIR/missing-doc-private-macro.rs:31:5
+   |
+LL |     macro_rules! exported_to_top_level {
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: the lint level is defined here
+  --> $DIR/missing-doc-private-macro.rs:5:9
+   |
+LL | #![deny(missing_docs)]
+   |         ^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: missing documentation for macro
+  --> $DIR/missing-doc-private-macro.rs:37:1
+   |
+LL | pub macro top_level_pub_macro {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+