Merge branch 'PHP-8.4'

* PHP-8.4:
  Fix GH-16588: UAF in Observer->serialize

Author: nielsdos

ext/spl/spl_observer.c

@@ -833,11 +833,18 @@ PHP_METHOD(SplObjectStorage, serialize)
 			RETURN_NULL();
 		}
 		ZVAL_OBJ(&obj, element->obj);
+
+		/* Protect against modification; we need a full copy because the data may be refcounted. */
+		zval inf_copy;
+		ZVAL_COPY(&inf_copy, &element->inf);
+
 		php_var_serialize(&buf, &obj, &var_hash);
 		smart_str_appendc(&buf, ',');
-		php_var_serialize(&buf, &element->inf, &var_hash);
+		php_var_serialize(&buf, &inf_copy, &var_hash);
 		smart_str_appendc(&buf, ';');
 		zend_hash_move_forward_ex(&intern->storage, &pos);
+
+		zval_ptr_dtor(&inf_copy);
 	}
 
 	/* members */

ext/spl/tests/gh16588.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+--TEST--
+GH-16588 (UAF in Observer->serialize)
+--CREDITS--
+chibinz
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+class C {
+    function __serialize(): array {
+        global $store;
+        $store->removeAll($store);
+        return [];
+    }
+}
+
+$store = new SplObjectStorage;
+$store[new C] = new stdClass;
+var_dump($store->serialize());
+
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(47) "x:i:1;O:1:"C":0:{},O:8:"stdClass":0:{};m:a:0:{}"