diff --git a/pandas/_typing.py b/pandas/_typing.py
index 9465631e9fe20..85a69f38b3f67 100644
--- a/pandas/_typing.py
+++ b/pandas/_typing.py
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@
     Concatenate: Any = None
 
 HashableT = TypeVar("HashableT", bound=Hashable)
+HashableT2 = TypeVar("HashableT2", bound=Hashable)
 MutableMappingT = TypeVar("MutableMappingT", bound=MutableMapping)
 
 # array-like
diff --git a/pandas/core/base.py b/pandas/core/base.py
index b9a57de073595..a3a86cb9ce410 100644
--- a/pandas/core/base.py
+++ b/pandas/core/base.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
-    Callable,
     Generic,
     Literal,
     cast,
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ class PandasObject(DirNamesMixin):
     _cache: dict[str, Any]
 
     @property
-    def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., Self]:
+    def _constructor(self) -> type[Self]:
         """
         Class constructor (for this class it's just `__class__`).
         """
@@ -1356,7 +1355,7 @@ def searchsorted(
             sorter=sorter,
         )
 
-    def drop_duplicates(self, *, keep: DropKeep = "first"):
+    def drop_duplicates(self, *, keep: DropKeep = "first") -> Self:
         duplicated = self._duplicated(keep=keep)
         # error: Value of type "IndexOpsMixin" is not indexable
         return self[~duplicated]  # type: ignore[index]
diff --git a/pandas/core/frame.py b/pandas/core/frame.py
index 660979540691e..6142e67ec1316 100644
--- a/pandas/core/frame.py
+++ b/pandas/core/frame.py
@@ -217,6 +217,8 @@
         FormattersType,
         Frequency,
         FromDictOrient,
+        HashableT,
+        HashableT2,
         IgnoreRaise,
         IndexKeyFunc,
         IndexLabel,
@@ -239,6 +241,7 @@
         SortKind,
         StorageOptions,
         Suffixes,
+        T,
         ToStataByteorder,
         ToTimestampHow,
         UpdateJoin,
@@ -643,10 +646,10 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin):
     __pandas_priority__ = 4000
 
     @property
-    def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., DataFrame]:
+    def _constructor(self) -> type[DataFrame]:
         return DataFrame
 
-    def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
+    def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes) -> DataFrame:
         if self._constructor is DataFrame:
             # we are pandas.DataFrame (or a subclass that doesn't override _constructor)
             return DataFrame._from_mgr(mgr, axes=axes)
@@ -659,7 +662,7 @@ def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
     def _sliced_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes) -> Series:
         return Series._from_mgr(mgr, axes)
 
-    def _constructor_sliced_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
+    def _constructor_sliced_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes) -> Series:
         if self._constructor_sliced is Series:
             ser = self._sliced_from_mgr(mgr, axes)
             ser._name = None  # caller is responsible for setting real name
@@ -1353,7 +1356,7 @@ def _get_values_for_csv(
         decimal: str,
         na_rep: str,
         quoting,  # int csv.QUOTE_FOO from stdlib
-    ) -> Self:
+    ) -> DataFrame:
         # helper used by to_csv
         mgr = self._mgr.get_values_for_csv(
             float_format=float_format,
@@ -1831,7 +1834,7 @@ def from_dict(
         a  b   1  3
            c   2  4
         """
-        index = None
+        index: list | Index | None = None
         orient = orient.lower()  # type: ignore[assignment]
         if orient == "index":
             if len(data) > 0:
@@ -1857,7 +1860,7 @@ def from_dict(
         else:
             realdata = data["data"]
 
-            def create_index(indexlist, namelist):
+            def create_index(indexlist, namelist) -> Index:
                 index: Index
                 if len(namelist) > 1:
                     index = MultiIndex.from_tuples(indexlist, names=namelist)
@@ -2700,6 +2703,42 @@ def to_feather(self, path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], **kwargs) -> None:
 
         to_feather(self, path, **kwargs)
 
+    @overload
+    def to_markdown(
+        self,
+        buf: None = ...,
+        *,
+        mode: str = ...,
+        index: bool = ...,
+        storage_options: StorageOptions | None = ...,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def to_markdown(
+        self,
+        buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str],
+        *,
+        mode: str = ...,
+        index: bool = ...,
+        storage_options: StorageOptions | None = ...,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def to_markdown(
+        self,
+        buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None,
+        *,
+        mode: str = ...,
+        index: bool = ...,
+        storage_options: StorageOptions | None = ...,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> str | None:
+        ...
+
     @doc(
         Series.to_markdown,
         klass=_shared_doc_kwargs["klass"],
@@ -2881,6 +2920,39 @@ def to_parquet(
             **kwargs,
         )
 
+    @overload
+    def to_orc(
+        self,
+        path: None = ...,
+        *,
+        engine: Literal["pyarrow"] = ...,
+        index: bool | None = ...,
+        engine_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = ...,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def to_orc(
+        self,
+        path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes],
+        *,
+        engine: Literal["pyarrow"] = ...,
+        index: bool | None = ...,
+        engine_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = ...,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def to_orc(
+        self,
+        path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | None,
+        *,
+        engine: Literal["pyarrow"] = ...,
+        index: bool | None = ...,
+        engine_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = ...,
+    ) -> bytes | None:
+        ...
+
     def to_orc(
         self,
         path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | None = None,
@@ -4027,7 +4099,7 @@ def _setitem_slice(self, key: slice, value) -> None:
         #  backwards-compat, xref GH#31469
         self.iloc[key] = value
 
-    def _setitem_array(self, key, value):
+    def _setitem_array(self, key, value) -> None:
         # also raises Exception if object array with NA values
         if com.is_bool_indexer(key):
             # bool indexer is indexing along rows
@@ -4061,7 +4133,7 @@ def _setitem_array(self, key, value):
             elif np.ndim(value) > 1:
                 # list of lists
                 value = DataFrame(value).values
-                return self._setitem_array(key, value)
+                self._setitem_array(key, value)
 
             else:
                 self._iset_not_inplace(key, value)
@@ -4595,7 +4667,7 @@ def eval(self, expr: str, *, inplace: bool = False, **kwargs) -> Any | None:
 
         return _eval(expr, inplace=inplace, **kwargs)
 
-    def select_dtypes(self, include=None, exclude=None) -> Self:
+    def select_dtypes(self, include=None, exclude=None) -> DataFrame:
         """
         Return a subset of the DataFrame's columns based on the column dtypes.
 
@@ -5474,9 +5546,21 @@ def pop(self, item: Hashable) -> Series:
         """
         return super().pop(item=item)
 
+    @overload
+    def _replace_columnwise(
+        self, mapping: dict[Hashable, tuple[Any, Any]], inplace: Literal[True], regex
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _replace_columnwise(
+        self, mapping: dict[Hashable, tuple[Any, Any]], inplace: Literal[False], regex
+    ) -> Self:
+        ...
+
     def _replace_columnwise(
         self, mapping: dict[Hashable, tuple[Any, Any]], inplace: bool, regex
-    ):
+    ) -> Self | None:
         """
         Dispatch to Series.replace column-wise.
 
@@ -5505,7 +5589,7 @@ def _replace_columnwise(
                 res._iset_item(i, newobj, inplace=inplace)
 
         if inplace:
-            return
+            return None
         return res.__finalize__(self)
 
     @doc(NDFrame.shift, klass=_shared_doc_kwargs["klass"])
@@ -11815,19 +11899,19 @@ def kurt(
     product = prod
 
     @doc(make_doc("cummin", ndim=2))
-    def cummin(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummin(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cummin(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cummax", ndim=2))
-    def cummax(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummax(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cummax(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cumsum", ndim=2))
-    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cumsum(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cumprod", 2))
-    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cumprod(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def nunique(self, axis: Axis = 0, dropna: bool = True) -> Series:
@@ -12710,8 +12794,12 @@ def values(self) -> np.ndarray:
         return self._mgr.as_array()
 
 
-def _from_nested_dict(data) -> collections.defaultdict:
-    new_data: collections.defaultdict = collections.defaultdict(dict)
+def _from_nested_dict(
+    data: Mapping[HashableT, Mapping[HashableT2, T]],
+) -> collections.defaultdict[HashableT2, dict[HashableT, T]]:
+    new_data: collections.defaultdict[
+        HashableT2, dict[HashableT, T]
+    ] = collections.defaultdict(dict)
     for index, s in data.items():
         for col, v in s.items():
             new_data[col][index] = v
diff --git a/pandas/core/generic.py b/pandas/core/generic.py
index 93e4468f91edd..149fbf7feb0dd 100644
--- a/pandas/core/generic.py
+++ b/pandas/core/generic.py
@@ -478,8 +478,9 @@ def _validate_dtype(cls, dtype) -> DtypeObj | None:
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Construction
 
+    # error: Signature of "_constructor" incompatible with supertype "PandasObject"
     @property
-    def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., Self]:
+    def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., Self]:  # type: ignore[override]
         """
         Used when a manipulation result has the same dimensions as the
         original.
@@ -495,7 +496,9 @@ def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., Self]:
     _AXIS_LEN: int
 
     @final
-    def _construct_axes_dict(self, axes: Sequence[Axis] | None = None, **kwargs):
+    def _construct_axes_dict(
+        self, axes: Sequence[Axis] | None = None, **kwargs: AxisInt
+    ) -> dict:
         """Return an axes dictionary for myself."""
         d = {a: self._get_axis(a) for a in (axes or self._AXIS_ORDERS)}
         # error: Argument 1 to "update" of "MutableMapping" has incompatible type
@@ -719,14 +722,26 @@ def set_axis(
         """
         return self._set_axis_nocheck(labels, axis, inplace=False)
 
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_nocheck(self, labels, axis: Axis, inplace: Literal[False]) -> Self:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_nocheck(self, labels, axis: Axis, inplace: Literal[True]) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_nocheck(self, labels, axis: Axis, inplace: bool) -> Self | None:
+        ...
+
     @final
-    def _set_axis_nocheck(self, labels, axis: Axis, inplace: bool):
+    def _set_axis_nocheck(self, labels, axis: Axis, inplace: bool) -> Self | None:
         if inplace:
             setattr(self, self._get_axis_name(axis), labels)
-        else:
-            obj = self.copy(deep=False)
-            setattr(obj, obj._get_axis_name(axis), labels)
-            return obj
+            return None
+        obj = self.copy(deep=False)
+        setattr(obj, obj._get_axis_name(axis), labels)
+        return obj
 
     @final
     def _set_axis(self, axis: AxisInt, labels: AnyArrayLike | list) -> None:
@@ -926,6 +941,51 @@ def squeeze(self, axis: Axis | None = None):
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Rename
 
+    @overload
+    def _rename(
+        self,
+        mapper: Renamer | None = ...,
+        *,
+        index: Renamer | None = ...,
+        columns: Renamer | None = ...,
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        copy: bool | None = ...,
+        inplace: Literal[False] = ...,
+        level: Level | None = ...,
+        errors: str = ...,
+    ) -> Self:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _rename(
+        self,
+        mapper: Renamer | None = ...,
+        *,
+        index: Renamer | None = ...,
+        columns: Renamer | None = ...,
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        copy: bool | None = ...,
+        inplace: Literal[True],
+        level: Level | None = ...,
+        errors: str = ...,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _rename(
+        self,
+        mapper: Renamer | None = ...,
+        *,
+        index: Renamer | None = ...,
+        columns: Renamer | None = ...,
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        copy: bool | None = ...,
+        inplace: bool,
+        level: Level | None = ...,
+        errors: str = ...,
+    ) -> Self | None:
+        ...
+
     @final
     def _rename(
         self,
@@ -1203,8 +1263,24 @@ class  name
                 return result
             return None
 
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_name(
+        self, name, axis: Axis = ..., *, inplace: Literal[False] = ...
+    ) -> Self:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_name(self, name, axis: Axis = ..., *, inplace: Literal[True]) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _set_axis_name(self, name, axis: Axis = ..., *, inplace: bool) -> Self | None:
+        ...
+
     @final
-    def _set_axis_name(self, name, axis: Axis = 0, inplace: bool = False):
+    def _set_axis_name(
+        self, name, axis: Axis = 0, *, inplace: bool = False
+    ) -> Self | None:
         """
         Set the name(s) of the axis.
 
@@ -1266,6 +1342,7 @@ def _set_axis_name(self, name, axis: Axis = 0, inplace: bool = False):
 
         if not inplace:
             return renamed
+        return None
 
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Comparison Methods
@@ -4542,12 +4619,10 @@ def add_prefix(self, prefix: str, axis: Axis | None = None) -> Self:
 
         mapper = {axis_name: f}
 
-        # error: Incompatible return value type (got "Optional[Self]",
-        # expected "Self")
-        # error: Argument 1 to "rename" of "NDFrame" has incompatible type
-        # "**Dict[str, partial[str]]"; expected "Union[str, int, None]"
         # error: Keywords must be strings
-        return self._rename(**mapper)  # type: ignore[return-value, arg-type, misc]
+        # error: No overload variant of "_rename" of "NDFrame" matches
+        # argument type "dict[Literal['index', 'columns'], Callable[[Any], str]]"
+        return self._rename(**mapper)  # type: ignore[call-overload, misc]
 
     @final
     def add_suffix(self, suffix: str, axis: Axis | None = None) -> Self:
@@ -4615,12 +4690,10 @@ def add_suffix(self, suffix: str, axis: Axis | None = None) -> Self:
             axis_name = self._get_axis_name(axis)
 
         mapper = {axis_name: f}
-        # error: Incompatible return value type (got "Optional[Self]",
-        # expected "Self")
-        # error: Argument 1 to "rename" of "NDFrame" has incompatible type
-        # "**Dict[str, partial[str]]"; expected "Union[str, int, None]"
         # error: Keywords must be strings
-        return self._rename(**mapper)  # type: ignore[return-value, arg-type, misc]
+        # error: No overload variant of "_rename" of "NDFrame" matches argument
+        # type "dict[Literal['index', 'columns'], Callable[[Any], str]]"
+        return self._rename(**mapper)  # type: ignore[call-overload, misc]
 
     @overload
     def sort_values(
@@ -9241,7 +9314,7 @@ def ranker(data):
     @doc(_shared_docs["compare"], klass=_shared_doc_kwargs["klass"])
     def compare(
         self,
-        other,
+        other: Self,
         align_axis: Axis = 1,
         keep_shape: bool = False,
         keep_equal: bool = False,
@@ -9253,7 +9326,8 @@ def compare(
                 f"can only compare '{cls_self}' (not '{cls_other}') with '{cls_self}'"
             )
 
-        mask = ~((self == other) | (self.isna() & other.isna()))
+        # error: Unsupported left operand type for & ("Self")
+        mask = ~((self == other) | (self.isna() & other.isna()))  # type: ignore[operator]
         mask.fillna(True, inplace=True)
 
         if not keep_equal:
@@ -9596,15 +9670,52 @@ def _align_series(
 
         return left, right, join_index
 
+    @overload
+    def _where(
+        self,
+        cond,
+        other=...,
+        *,
+        inplace: Literal[False] = ...,
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        level=...,
+    ) -> Self:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _where(
+        self,
+        cond,
+        other=...,
+        *,
+        inplace: Literal[True],
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        level=...,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _where(
+        self,
+        cond,
+        other=...,
+        *,
+        inplace: bool,
+        axis: Axis | None = ...,
+        level=...,
+    ) -> Self | None:
+        ...
+
     @final
     def _where(
         self,
         cond,
         other=lib.no_default,
+        *,
         inplace: bool = False,
         axis: Axis | None = None,
         level=None,
-    ):
+    ) -> Self | None:
         """
         Equivalent to public method `where`, except that `other` is not
         applied as a function even if callable. Used in __setitem__.
@@ -9950,7 +10061,7 @@ def where(
                     )
 
         other = common.apply_if_callable(other, self)
-        return self._where(cond, other, inplace, axis, level)
+        return self._where(cond, other, inplace=inplace, axis=axis, level=level)
 
     @overload
     def mask(
@@ -11263,20 +11374,20 @@ def block_accum_func(blk_values):
             self, method=name
         )
 
-    def cummax(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummax(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return self._accum_func(
             "cummax", np.maximum.accumulate, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs
         )
 
-    def cummin(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummin(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return self._accum_func(
             "cummin", np.minimum.accumulate, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs
         )
 
-    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return self._accum_func("cumsum", np.cumsum, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
-    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return self._accum_func("cumprod", np.cumprod, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @final
@@ -11674,7 +11785,7 @@ def __ixor__(self, other) -> Self:
     # Misc methods
 
     @final
-    def _find_valid_index(self, *, how: str) -> Hashable | None:
+    def _find_valid_index(self, *, how: str) -> Hashable:
         """
         Retrieves the index of the first valid value.
 
@@ -11695,7 +11806,7 @@ def _find_valid_index(self, *, how: str) -> Hashable | None:
 
     @final
     @doc(position="first", klass=_shared_doc_kwargs["klass"])
-    def first_valid_index(self) -> Hashable | None:
+    def first_valid_index(self) -> Hashable:
         """
         Return index for {position} non-NA value or None, if no non-NA value is found.
 
@@ -11771,7 +11882,7 @@ def first_valid_index(self) -> Hashable | None:
 
     @final
     @doc(first_valid_index, position="last", klass=_shared_doc_kwargs["klass"])
-    def last_valid_index(self) -> Hashable | None:
+    def last_valid_index(self) -> Hashable:
         return self._find_valid_index(how="last")
 
 
diff --git a/pandas/core/reshape/pivot.py b/pandas/core/reshape/pivot.py
index f0eb7f44bf34e..36edf6116609b 100644
--- a/pandas/core/reshape/pivot.py
+++ b/pandas/core/reshape/pivot.py
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from collections.abc import (
-    Hashable,
-    Sequence,
-)
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Callable,
@@ -44,11 +40,14 @@
 from pandas.core.series import Series
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Hashable
+
     from pandas._typing import (
         AggFuncType,
         AggFuncTypeBase,
         AggFuncTypeDict,
         IndexLabel,
+        SequenceNotStr,
     )
 
     from pandas import DataFrame
@@ -546,9 +545,10 @@ def pivot(
 
         if is_list_like(values) and not isinstance(values, tuple):
             # Exclude tuple because it is seen as a single column name
-            values = cast(Sequence[Hashable], values)
             indexed = data._constructor(
-                data[values]._values, index=multiindex, columns=values
+                data[values]._values,
+                index=multiindex,
+                columns=cast("SequenceNotStr", values),
             )
         else:
             indexed = data._constructor_sliced(data[values]._values, index=multiindex)
diff --git a/pandas/core/series.py b/pandas/core/series.py
index 1672c29f15763..eb5b545092307 100644
--- a/pandas/core/series.py
+++ b/pandas/core/series.py
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ def _init_dict(
     # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @property
-    def _constructor(self) -> Callable[..., Series]:
+    def _constructor(self) -> type[Series]:
         return Series
 
     def _constructor_from_mgr(self, mgr, axes):
@@ -5135,8 +5135,28 @@ def info(
             show_counts=show_counts,
         )
 
+    @overload
+    def _replace_single(
+        self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: Literal[False], limit
+    ) -> Self:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _replace_single(
+        self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: Literal[True], limit
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @overload
+    def _replace_single(
+        self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: bool, limit
+    ) -> Self | None:
+        ...
+
     # TODO(3.0): this can be removed once GH#33302 deprecation is enforced
-    def _replace_single(self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: bool, limit):
+    def _replace_single(
+        self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: bool, limit
+    ) -> Self | None:
         """
         Replaces values in a Series using the fill method specified when no
         replacement value is given in the replace method
@@ -5155,7 +5175,7 @@ def _replace_single(self, to_replace, method: str, inplace: bool, limit):
             fill_f(values, limit=limit, mask=mask)
 
         if inplace:
-            return
+            return None
         return result
 
     def memory_usage(self, index: bool = True, deep: bool = False) -> int:
@@ -6396,17 +6416,17 @@ def kurt(
     product = prod
 
     @doc(make_doc("cummin", ndim=1))
-    def cummin(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummin(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cummin(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cummax", ndim=1))
-    def cummax(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cummax(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cummax(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cumsum", ndim=1))
-    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumsum(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cumsum(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @doc(make_doc("cumprod", 1))
-    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis | None = None, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs):
+    def cumprod(self, axis: Axis = 0, skipna: bool = True, *args, **kwargs) -> Self:
         return NDFrame.cumprod(self, axis, skipna, *args, **kwargs)