diff --git a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
index ea2488dfc0877..a77753ed9f9d0 100644
--- a/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
+++ b/pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_replace.py
@@ -1599,3 +1599,11 @@ def test_replace_intervals(self):
         result = df.replace({"a": {pd.Interval(0, 1): "x"}})
         expected = pd.DataFrame({"a": ["x", "x"]})
         tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
+
+    def test_replace_unicode(self):
+        # GH: 16784
+        columns_values_map = {"positive": {"正面": 1, "中立": 1, "负面": 0}}
+        df1 = pd.DataFrame({"positive": np.ones(3)})
+        result = df1.replace(columns_values_map)
+        expected = pd.DataFrame({"positive": np.ones(3)})
+        tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)