diff --git a/min-requirements.txt b/min-requirements.txt
index ac8baf97f6..8308f6e076 100644
--- a/min-requirements.txt
+++ b/min-requirements.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Auto-generated by tools/update_requirements.py
 numpy ==1.17
-packaging ==17.0
+packaging ==17
 setuptools
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01d06cdfbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta:__legacy__"
+
+[project]
+name = "nibabel"
+description = "Access a multitude of neuroimaging data formats"
+authors = [
+  { name = "nibabel developers", email = "neuroimaging@python.org" },
+]
+maintainers = [
+  { name = "Christopher Markiewicz" },
+]
+readme = "README.rst"
+license = { text="MIT License" }
+requires-python = ">=3.7"
+dependencies = ["numpy >=1.17", "packaging >=17", "setuptools"]
+classifiers = [
+  "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
+  "Environment :: Console",
+  "Intended Audience :: Science/Research",
+  "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
+  "Operating System :: OS Independent",
+  "Programming Language :: Python",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+  "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering",
+]
+# Version from versioneer
+# optional-dependencies from setup.cfg (using ConfigParser features)
+dynamic = ["version", "optional-dependencies"]
+
+[project.urls]
+"Homepage" = "https://nipy.org/nibabel"
+"Development" = "https://github.com/nipy/nibabel"
+
+[project.scripts]
+nib-conform = "nibabel.cmdline.conform:main"
+nib-convert = "nibabel.cmdline.convert:main"
+nib-ls = "nibabel.cmdline.ls:main"
+nib-dicomfs = "nibabel.cmdline.dicomfs:main"
+nib-diff = "nibabel.cmdline.diff:main"
+nib-stats = "nibabel.cmdline.stats:main"
+nib-nifti-dx = "nibabel.cmdline.nifti_dx:main"
+nib-tck2trk = "nibabel.cmdline.tck2trk:main"
+nib-trk2tck = "nibabel.cmdline.trk2tck:main"
+nib-roi = "nibabel.cmdline.roi:main"
+parrec2nii = "nibabel.cmdline.parrec2nii:main"
+
+[tool.setuptools]
+platforms = ["OS Independent"]
+provides = ["nibabel", "nisext"]
+zip-safe = false
+
+[tool.setuptools.packages]
+find = {}
+
+[tool.setuptools.package-data]
+nibabel = ["tests/data/*", "*/tests/data/*", "benchmarks/pytest.benchmark.ini"]
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 5466c4e508..2c77ae1e0d 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Auto-generated by tools/update_requirements.py
 numpy >=1.17
-packaging >=17.0
+packaging >=17
 setuptools
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index 47a7317088..03e6e41171 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -1,41 +1,3 @@
-[metadata]
-name = nibabel
-url = https://nipy.org/nibabel
-download_url = https://github.com/nipy/nibabel
-author = nibabel developers
-author_email = neuroimaging@python.org
-maintainer = Chris Markiewicz
-maintainer_email = neuroimaging@python.org
-classifiers =
-    Development Status :: 4 - Beta
-    Environment :: Console
-    Intended Audience :: Science/Research
-    License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
-    Operating System :: OS Independent
-    Programming Language :: Python
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
-    Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
-    Topic :: Scientific/Engineering
-license = MIT License
-description = Access a multitude of neuroimaging data formats
-long_description = file:README.rst
-long_description_content_type = text/x-rst; charset=UTF-8
-platforms = OS Independent
-provides =
-    nibabel
-    nisext
-
-[options]
-python_requires = >=3.7
-install_requires =
-    numpy >=1.17
-    packaging >=17.0
-    setuptools
-zip_safe = False
-packages = find:
-
 [options.extras_require]
 dicom =
     pydicom >=1.0.0
@@ -74,26 +36,6 @@ all =
     %(test)s
     %(zstd)s
 
-[options.entry_points]
-console_scripts =
-    nib-conform=nibabel.cmdline.conform:main
-    nib-convert=nibabel.cmdline.convert:main
-    nib-ls=nibabel.cmdline.ls:main
-    nib-dicomfs=nibabel.cmdline.dicomfs:main
-    nib-diff=nibabel.cmdline.diff:main
-    nib-stats=nibabel.cmdline.stats:main
-    nib-nifti-dx=nibabel.cmdline.nifti_dx:main
-    nib-tck2trk=nibabel.cmdline.tck2trk:main
-    nib-trk2tck=nibabel.cmdline.trk2tck:main
-    nib-roi=nibabel.cmdline.roi:main
-    parrec2nii=nibabel.cmdline.parrec2nii:main
-
-[options.package_data]
-nibabel =
-    tests/data/*
-    */tests/data/*
-    benchmarks/pytest.benchmark.ini
-
 [flake8]
 max-line-length = 100
 ignore = D100,D101,D102,D103,D104,D105,D200,D201,D202,D204,D205,D208,D209,D210,D300,D301,D400,D401,D403,E24,E121,E123,E126,E226,E266,E402,E704,E731,F821,I100,I101,I201,N802,N803,N804,N806,W503,W504,W605
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 29fb3642da..4b9bde35b0 100755
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -7,22 +7,27 @@
 #   copyright and license terms.
 #
 ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ### ##
-"""Build helper."""
+"""
+Setuptools entrypoint
 
-import sys
+This file is a basic stub needed to integrate with versioneer, which allows the
+version to be retrieved from git and set statically in a built package.
+
+This file should not be run directly. To install, use:
+
+    pip install .
+
+To build a package for distribution, use:
+
+    pip install --upgrade build
+    python -m build
+
+"""
 
 from setuptools import setup
 import versioneer
 
-# Give setuptools a hint to complain if it's too old a version
-# 30.3.0 allows us to put most metadata in setup.cfg
-# Should match pyproject.toml
-SETUP_REQUIRES = ['setuptools >= 30.3.0']
-# This enables setuptools to install wheel on-the-fly
-SETUP_REQUIRES += ['wheel'] if 'bdist_wheel' in sys.argv else []
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    setup(name='nibabel',
-          setup_requires=SETUP_REQUIRES,
-          version=versioneer.get_version(),
-          cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass())
+setup(
+    version=versioneer.get_version(),
+    cmdclass=versioneer.get_cmdclass(),
+)
diff --git a/tools/update_requirements.py b/tools/update_requirements.py
index 551424994c..b167438c6f 100755
--- a/tools/update_requirements.py
+++ b/tools/update_requirements.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 import sys
-from configparser import ConfigParser
+import tomli
 from pathlib import Path
 
 if sys.version_info < (3, 6):
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
     sys.exit(1)
 
 repo_root = Path(__file__).parent.parent
-setup_cfg = repo_root / "setup.cfg"
+pyproject_toml = repo_root / "pyproject.toml"
 reqs = repo_root / "requirements.txt"
 min_reqs = repo_root / "min-requirements.txt"
 
-config = ConfigParser()
-config.read(setup_cfg)
-requirements = config.get("options", "install_requires").strip().splitlines()
+with open(pyproject_toml, 'rb') as fobj:
+    config = tomli.load(fobj)
+requirements = config["project"]["dependencies"]
 
 script_name = Path(__file__).relative_to(repo_root)