diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs b/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8978ae20a39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/Async/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// <auto-generated>
+//     This code was generated by AsyncGenerator.
+//
+//     Changes to this file may cause incorrect behavior and will be lost if
+//     the code is regenerated.
+// </auto-generated>
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace NHibernate.Test.NHSpecificTest.GH3334
+{
+	using System.Threading.Tasks;
+	[TestFixture]
+	public class FixtureAsync : BugTestCase
+	{
+		[OneTimeSetUp]
+		public void OneTimeSetUp()
+		{
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var t = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				var parent = new Entity
+				{
+					Name = "Parent1",
+					Children = { new ChildEntity { Name = "Child", Child = new GrandChildEntity { Name = "GrandChild" } } }
+				};
+				session.Save(parent);
+				parent = new Entity
+				{
+					Name = "Parent2",
+					Children = { new ChildEntity { Name = "Child", Child = new GrandChildEntity { Name = "XGrandChild" } } }
+				};
+				var other = new OtherEntity { Name = "ABC", Entities = {parent}};
+				parent.OtherEntity = other;
+				session.Save(parent);
+				session.Save(other);
+				t.Commit();
+			}
+
+			Sfi.Statistics.IsStatisticsEnabled = true;
+		}
+
+		[OneTimeTearDown]
+		public void OneTimeTearDown()
+		{
+			Sfi.Statistics.IsStatisticsEnabled = false;
+			
+			using var session = OpenSession();
+			using var transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
+			
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from ChildEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from GrandChildEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from Entity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from OtherEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+
+			transaction.Commit();
+		}
+
+		public class TestCaseItem
+		{
+			public string Name { get; }
+			public string Hql { get; }
+			public int LineNumber { get; }
+
+			public TestCaseItem(string name, string hql, [CallerLineNumber] int lineNumber = 0)
+			{
+				Name = name;
+				Hql = hql;
+				LineNumber = lineNumber;
+			}
+
+			public override string ToString() => $"{LineNumber:0000}: {Name}";
+		}
+
+		public static IEnumerable<TestCaseItem> GetNoExceptionOnExecuteQueryTestCases()
+		{
+			/* does not work because of inner join or theta join created for many-to-one
+				@"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+						WHERE
+							child.Child.Name like 'G%'
+							OR ROOT.OtherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");*/
+
+			yield return new("Basic Elements case 1 FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("Basic Elements case 2 FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.OtherEntity) AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Elements FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+							OR otherEntity.Name like 'G%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Elements FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'A%'
+							OR otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Entity FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ChildEntity AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							child.Parent = ROOT
+							AND (
+								grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+								OR otherEntity.Name like 'G%'
+							)
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Entity FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ChildEntity AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							child.Parent = ROOT
+							AND (
+								grandChild.Name like 'A%'
+								OR otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+							)
+						)");
+		}
+
+		[Test, TestCaseSource(nameof(GetNoExceptionOnExecuteQueryTestCases))]
+		public async Task NoExceptionOnExecuteQueryAsync(TestCaseItem testCase)
+		{
+			using var session = OpenSession();
+			using var _ = session.BeginTransaction();
+			
+			var q = session.CreateQuery(testCase.Hql);
+			Assert.That(await (q.ListAsync()), Has.Count.EqualTo(1));
+		}
+
+		protected override bool CheckDatabaseWasCleaned()
+		{
+			// same set of objects for each test
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Entity.cs b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Entity.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1203e6d8eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Entity.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace NHibernate.Test.NHSpecificTest.GH3334
+{
+	public class Entity
+	{
+		public virtual int Id { get; set; }
+ 		public virtual string Name { get; set; }
+        public virtual ISet<ChildEntity> Children { get; set; } = new HashSet<ChildEntity>();
+        public virtual OtherEntity OtherEntity { get; set; }
+	}
+
+	public class ChildEntity
+	{
+		public virtual int Id { get; set; }
+		public virtual Entity Parent { get; set; }
+		public virtual string Name { get; set; }
+		public virtual GrandChildEntity Child { get; set; }
+	}
+
+	public class GrandChildEntity
+	{
+		public virtual int Id { get; set; }
+		public virtual string Name { get; set; }
+	}
+
+	public class OtherEntity
+	{
+		public virtual int Id { get; set; }
+		public virtual string Name { get; set; }
+		public virtual ISet<Entity> Entities { get; set; } = new HashSet<Entity>();
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aed5ab062ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Fixture.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace NHibernate.Test.NHSpecificTest.GH3334
+{
+	[TestFixture]
+	public class Fixture : BugTestCase
+	{
+		[OneTimeSetUp]
+		public void OneTimeSetUp()
+		{
+			using (var session = OpenSession())
+			using (var t = session.BeginTransaction())
+			{
+				var parent = new Entity
+				{
+					Name = "Parent1",
+					Children = { new ChildEntity { Name = "Child", Child = new GrandChildEntity { Name = "GrandChild" } } }
+				};
+				session.Save(parent);
+				parent = new Entity
+				{
+					Name = "Parent2",
+					Children = { new ChildEntity { Name = "Child", Child = new GrandChildEntity { Name = "XGrandChild" } } }
+				};
+				var other = new OtherEntity { Name = "ABC", Entities = {parent}};
+				parent.OtherEntity = other;
+				session.Save(parent);
+				session.Save(other);
+				t.Commit();
+			}
+
+			Sfi.Statistics.IsStatisticsEnabled = true;
+		}
+
+		[OneTimeTearDown]
+		public void OneTimeTearDown()
+		{
+			Sfi.Statistics.IsStatisticsEnabled = false;
+			
+			using var session = OpenSession();
+			using var transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
+			
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from ChildEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from GrandChildEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from Entity").ExecuteUpdate();
+			session.CreateQuery("delete from OtherEntity").ExecuteUpdate();
+
+			transaction.Commit();
+		}
+
+		public class TestCaseItem
+		{
+			public string Name { get; }
+			public string Hql { get; }
+			public int LineNumber { get; }
+
+			public TestCaseItem(string name, string hql, [CallerLineNumber] int lineNumber = 0)
+			{
+				Name = name;
+				Hql = hql;
+				LineNumber = lineNumber;
+			}
+
+			public override string ToString() => $"{LineNumber:0000}: {Name}";
+		}
+
+		public static IEnumerable<TestCaseItem> GetNoExceptionOnExecuteQueryTestCases()
+		{
+			/* does not work because of inner join or theta join created for many-to-one
+				@"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+						WHERE
+							child.Child.Name like 'G%'
+							OR ROOT.OtherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");*/
+
+			yield return new("Basic Elements case 1 FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("Basic Elements case 2 FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.OtherEntity) AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Elements FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+							OR otherEntity.Name like 'G%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Elements FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children) AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							grandChild.Name like 'A%'
+							OR otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Entity FoundViaGrandChildG", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ChildEntity AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							child.Parent = ROOT
+							AND (
+								grandChild.Name like 'G%'
+								OR otherEntity.Name like 'G%'
+							)
+						)");
+			yield return new("HQL Entity FoundViaOtherEntityA", @"
+				SELECT ROOT 
+				FROM Entity AS ROOT 
+				WHERE
+					EXISTS 
+						(FROM ChildEntity AS child
+							LEFT JOIN child.Child AS grandChild
+							LEFT JOIN ROOT.OtherEntity AS otherEntity
+						WHERE
+							child.Parent = ROOT
+							AND (
+								grandChild.Name like 'A%'
+								OR otherEntity.Name like 'A%'
+							)
+						)");
+		}
+
+		[Test, TestCaseSource(nameof(GetNoExceptionOnExecuteQueryTestCases))]
+		public void NoExceptionOnExecuteQuery(TestCaseItem testCase)
+		{
+			using var session = OpenSession();
+			using var _ = session.BeginTransaction();
+			
+			var q = session.CreateQuery(testCase.Hql);
+			Assert.That(q.List(), Has.Count.EqualTo(1));
+		}
+
+		protected override bool CheckDatabaseWasCleaned()
+		{
+			// same set of objects for each test
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Mappings.hbm.xml b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Mappings.hbm.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1f5bcdfe8e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/NHibernate.Test/NHSpecificTest/GH3334/Mappings.hbm.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" assembly="NHibernate.Test"
+                   namespace="NHibernate.Test.NHSpecificTest.GH3334">
+
+  <class name="Entity">
+    <id name="Id" generator="identity" />
+    <property name="Name"/>
+    <set name="Children" cascade="persist,delete,save-update,evict,lock,replicate,delete-orphan">
+      <key column="Parent" />
+      <one-to-many class="ChildEntity"/>
+    </set>
+    <many-to-one name="OtherEntity" class="OtherEntity"/>
+  </class>
+
+  <class name="ChildEntity">
+    <id name="Id" generator="identity" />
+    <many-to-one name="Parent" class="Entity" column="Parent" />
+    <property name="Name"/>
+    <many-to-one name="Child" class="GrandChildEntity" cascade="persist,delete,save-update,evict,lock,replicate,delete-orphan"/>
+  </class>
+
+  <class name="GrandChildEntity">
+    <id name="Id" generator="identity" />
+    <property name="Name"/>
+  </class>
+
+  <class name="OtherEntity">
+    <id name="Id" generator="identity" />
+    <property name="Name"/>
+    <set name="Entities" inverse="true" lazy="true">
+      <key column="OtherEntity" />
+      <one-to-many class="Entity" />
+    </set>
+  </class>
+
+</hibernate-mapping>
diff --git a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/HqlSqlWalker.cs b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/HqlSqlWalker.cs
index 7cc0bcae9c6..3ff11867273 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/HqlSqlWalker.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/HqlSqlWalker.cs
@@ -835,10 +835,10 @@ void CreateFromJoinElement(
 
 				if (fromElement.Parent == null)
 				{
-					// Most likely means association join is used in invalid context
-					// I.e. in subquery: from EntityA a where exists (from EntityB join a.Assocation)  
-					// Maybe we should throw exception instead
-					fromElement.FromClause.AddChild(fromElement);
+					// happens e.g. on ToMany association join with "EXISTS(FROM ELEMENTS(ROOT.Children))"
+					// or on an association join in subquery from a parent entity in parent from clause
+					// like in "from EntityA a where exists (from EntityB join a.Assocation)"
+					fromElement.FromClause.AppendFromElement(fromElement);
 					if (fromElement.IsImplied)
 						fromElement.JoinSequence.SetUseThetaStyle(true);
 				}
diff --git a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromClause.cs b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromClause.cs
index 39179f1419a..1fbc18a3d32 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromClause.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromClause.cs
@@ -288,6 +288,8 @@ public bool IsSubQuery
 
 		internal bool IsJoinSubQuery { get; set; }
 
+		internal bool HasRegisteredFromElements => _fromElements.Any();
+
 		public string GetDisplayText()
 		{
 			return "FromClause{" +
diff --git a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromElementFactory.cs b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromElementFactory.cs
index 4f80d774f43..3077d5e3af9 100644
--- a/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromElementFactory.cs
+++ b/src/NHibernate/Hql/Ast/ANTLR/Tree/FromElementFactory.cs
@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ public FromElement CreateEntityJoin(
 				bool inFrom,
 				EntityType type)
 		{
+			var isFirstFromElement = !_fromClause.HasRegisteredFromElements;
 			FromElement elem = CreateJoin(entityClass, tableAlias, joinSequence, type, false);
 			elem.Fetch = fetchFlag;
 
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ public FromElement CreateEntityJoin(
 				//      1) 'elem' is the "root from-element" in correlated subqueries
 				//      2) The DotNode.useThetaStyleImplicitJoins has been set to true
 				//          and 'elem' represents an implicit join
-				if (elem.FromClause != elem.Origin.FromClause || DotNode.UseThetaStyleImplicitJoins)
+				if (isFirstFromElement && elem.FromClause != elem.Origin.FromClause || DotNode.UseThetaStyleImplicitJoins)
 				{
 					// the "root from-element" in correlated subqueries do need this piece
 					elem.Type = HqlSqlWalker.FROM_FRAGMENT;