PHPORM-139 Implement Model::createOrFirst() using findOneAndUpdate operation (#2742)

Use monitoring to track if model was created or found

Author: GromNaN

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 ## [unreleased]
 
 * Add support for Laravel 11 by @GromNaN in [#2735](https://github.com/mongodb/laravel-mongodb/pull/2735)
+* Implement Model::createOrFirst() using findOneAndUpdate operation by @GromNaN in [#2742](https://github.com/mongodb/laravel-mongodb/pull/2742)
 
 ## [4.1.3] - 2024-03-05
 

src/Eloquent/Builder.php

@@ -7,9 +7,12 @@
 use Illuminate\Database\ConnectionInterface;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder as EloquentBuilder;
 use MongoDB\Driver\Cursor;
+use MongoDB\Laravel\Collection;
 use MongoDB\Laravel\Helpers\QueriesRelationships;
+use MongoDB\Laravel\Internal\FindAndModifyCommandSubscriber;
 use MongoDB\Model\BSONDocument;
 
+use function array_intersect_key;
 use function array_key_exists;
 use function array_merge;
 use function collect;
@@ -183,6 +186,41 @@ public function raw($value = null)
         return $results;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Attempt to create the record if it does not exist with the matching attributes.
+     * If the record exists, it will be returned.
+     *
+     * @param  array $attributes The attributes to check for duplicate records
+     * @param  array $values     The attributes to insert if no matching record is found
+     */
+    public function createOrFirst(array $attributes = [], array $values = []): Model
+    {
+        // Apply casting and default values to the attributes
+        $instance = $this->newModelInstance($values + $attributes);
+        $values = $instance->getAttributes();
+        $attributes = array_intersect_key($attributes, $values);
+
+        return $this->raw(function (Collection $collection) use ($attributes, $values) {
+            $listener = new FindAndModifyCommandSubscriber();
+            $collection->getManager()->addSubscriber($listener);
+
+            try {
+                $document = $collection->findOneAndUpdate(
+                    $attributes,
+                    ['$setOnInsert' => $values],
+                    ['upsert' => true, 'new' => true, 'typeMap' => ['root' => 'array', 'document' => 'array']],
+                );
+            } finally {
+                $collection->getManager()->removeSubscriber($listener);
+            }
+
+            $model = $this->model->newFromBuilder($document);
+            $model->wasRecentlyCreated = $listener->created;
+
+            return $model;
+        });
+    }
+
     /**
      * Add the "updated at" column to an array of values.
      * TODO Remove if https://github.com/laravel/framework/commit/6484744326531829341e1ff886cc9b628b20d73e

src/Internal/FindAndModifyCommandSubscriber.php

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace MongoDB\Laravel\Internal;
+
+use MongoDB\Driver\Monitoring\CommandFailedEvent;
+use MongoDB\Driver\Monitoring\CommandStartedEvent;
+use MongoDB\Driver\Monitoring\CommandSubscriber;
+use MongoDB\Driver\Monitoring\CommandSucceededEvent;
+
+/**
+ * Track findAndModify command events to detect when a document is inserted or
+ * updated.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class FindAndModifyCommandSubscriber implements CommandSubscriber
+{
+    public bool $created;
+
+    public function commandFailed(CommandFailedEvent $event)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function commandStarted(CommandStartedEvent $event)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function commandSucceeded(CommandSucceededEvent $event)
+    {
+        $this->created = ! $event->getReply()->lastErrorObject->updatedExisting;
+    }
+}

tests/ModelTest.php

@@ -1044,4 +1044,43 @@ public function testNumericFieldName(): void
         $this->assertInstanceOf(User::class, $found);
         $this->assertEquals([3 => 'two.three'], $found[2]);
     }
+
+    public function testCreateOrFirst()
+    {
+        $user1 = User::createOrFirst(['email' => 'taylorotwell@gmail.com']);
+
+        $this->assertSame('taylorotwell@gmail.com', $user1->email);
+        $this->assertNull($user1->name);
+        $this->assertTrue($user1->wasRecentlyCreated);
+
+        $user2 = User::createOrFirst(
+            ['email' => 'taylorotwell@gmail.com'],
+            ['name' => 'Taylor Otwell', 'birthday' => new DateTime('1987-05-28')],
+        );
+
+        $this->assertEquals($user1->id, $user2->id);
+        $this->assertSame('taylorotwell@gmail.com', $user2->email);
+        $this->assertNull($user2->name);
+        $this->assertNull($user2->birthday);
+        $this->assertFalse($user2->wasRecentlyCreated);
+
+        $user3 = User::createOrFirst(
+            ['email' => 'abigailotwell@gmail.com'],
+            ['name' => 'Abigail Otwell', 'birthday' => new DateTime('1987-05-28')],
+        );
+
+        $this->assertNotEquals($user3->id, $user1->id);
+        $this->assertSame('abigailotwell@gmail.com', $user3->email);
+        $this->assertSame('Abigail Otwell', $user3->name);
+        $this->assertEquals(new DateTime('1987-05-28'), $user3->birthday);
+        $this->assertTrue($user3->wasRecentlyCreated);
+
+        $user4 = User::createOrFirst(
+            ['name' => 'Dries Vints'],
+            ['name' => 'Nuno Maduro', 'email' => 'nuno@laravel.com'],
+        );
+
+        $this->assertSame('Nuno Maduro', $user4->name);
+        $this->assertTrue($user4->wasRecentlyCreated);
+    }
 }