diff --git a/src/client/auth.test.ts b/src/client/auth.test.ts
index 1b9fb071..6452dbee 100644
--- a/src/client/auth.test.ts
+++ b/src/client/auth.test.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import {
   auth,
   type OAuthClientProvider,
 } from "./auth.js";
+import {ServerError} from "../server/auth/errors.js";
 
 // Mock fetch globally
 const mockFetch = jest.fn();
@@ -275,10 +276,7 @@ describe("OAuth Authorization", () => {
     });
 
     it("throws on non-404 errors", async () => {
-      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        ok: false,
-        status: 500,
-      });
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response(null, { status: 500 }));
 
       await expect(
         discoverOAuthMetadata("https://auth.example.com")
@@ -286,14 +284,15 @@ describe("OAuth Authorization", () => {
     });
 
     it("validates metadata schema", async () => {
-      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        ok: true,
-        status: 200,
-        json: async () => ({
-          // Missing required fields
-          issuer: "https://auth.example.com",
-        }),
-      });
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        Response.json(
+          {
+            // Missing required fields
+            issuer: "https://auth.example.com",
+          },
+          { status: 200 }
+        )
+      );
 
       await expect(
         discoverOAuthMetadata("https://auth.example.com")
@@ -510,10 +509,12 @@ describe("OAuth Authorization", () => {
     });
 
     it("throws on error response", async () => {
-      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        ok: false,
-        status: 400,
-      });
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        Response.json(
+          new ServerError("Token exchange failed").toResponseObject(),
+          { status: 400 }
+        )
+      );
 
       await expect(
         exchangeAuthorization("https://auth.example.com", {
@@ -611,10 +612,12 @@ describe("OAuth Authorization", () => {
     });
 
     it("throws on error response", async () => {
-      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        ok: false,
-        status: 400,
-      });
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        Response.json(
+          new ServerError("Token refresh failed").toResponseObject(),
+          { status: 400 }
+        )
+      );
 
       await expect(
         refreshAuthorization("https://auth.example.com", {
@@ -699,10 +702,12 @@ describe("OAuth Authorization", () => {
     });
 
     it("throws on error response", async () => {
-      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        ok: false,
-        status: 400,
-      });
+      mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        Response.json(
+          new ServerError("Dynamic client registration failed").toResponseObject(),
+          { status: 400 }
+        )
+      );
 
       await expect(
         registerClient("https://auth.example.com", {
diff --git a/src/client/auth.ts b/src/client/auth.ts
index 7a91eb25..8b9d9b9a 100644
--- a/src/client/auth.ts
+++ b/src/client/auth.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,23 @@
 import pkceChallenge from "pkce-challenge";
 import { LATEST_PROTOCOL_VERSION } from "../types.js";
-import type { OAuthClientMetadata, OAuthClientInformation, OAuthTokens, OAuthMetadata, OAuthClientInformationFull, OAuthProtectedResourceMetadata } from "../shared/auth.js";
+import {
+  OAuthClientMetadata,
+  OAuthClientInformation,
+  OAuthTokens,
+  OAuthMetadata,
+  OAuthClientInformationFull,
+  OAuthProtectedResourceMetadata,
+  OAuthErrorResponseSchema
+} from "../shared/auth.js";
 import { OAuthClientInformationFullSchema, OAuthMetadataSchema, OAuthProtectedResourceMetadataSchema, OAuthTokensSchema } from "../shared/auth.js";
+import {
+  InvalidClientError,
+  InvalidGrantError,
+  OAUTH_ERRORS,
+  OAuthError,
+  ServerError,
+  UnauthorizedClientError
+} from "../server/auth/errors.js";
 
 /**
  * Implements an end-to-end OAuth client to be used with one MCP server.
@@ -71,6 +87,13 @@ export interface OAuthClientProvider {
    * the authorization result.
    */
   codeVerifier(): string | Promise<string>;
+
+  /**
+   * If implemented, provides a way for the client to invalidate (e.g. delete) the specified
+   * credentials, in the case where the server has indicated that they are no longer valid.
+   * This avoids requiring the user to intervene manually.
+   */
+  invalidateCredentials?(scope: 'all' | 'client' | 'tokens' | 'verifier'): void | Promise<void>;
 }
 
 export type AuthResult = "AUTHORIZED" | "REDIRECT";
@@ -81,6 +104,33 @@ export class UnauthorizedError extends Error {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Parses an OAuth error response from a string or Response object.
+ *
+ * If the input is a standard OAuth2.0 error response, it will be parsed according to the spec
+ * and an instance of the appropriate OAuthError subclass will be returned.
+ * If parsing fails, it falls back to a generic ServerError that includes
+ * the response status (if available) and original content.
+ *
+ * @param input - A Response object or string containing the error response
+ * @returns A Promise that resolves to an OAuthError instance
+ */
+export async function parseErrorResponse(input: Response | string): Promise<OAuthError> {
+  const statusCode = input instanceof Response ? input.status : undefined;
+  const body = input instanceof Response ? await input.text() : input;
+
+  try {
+    const result = OAuthErrorResponseSchema.parse(JSON.parse(body));
+    const { error, error_description, error_uri } = result;
+    const errorClass = OAUTH_ERRORS[error] || ServerError;
+    return new errorClass(error_description || '', error_uri);
+  } catch (error) {
+    // Not a valid OAuth error response, but try to inform the user of the raw data anyway
+    const errorMessage = `${statusCode ? `HTTP ${statusCode}: ` : ''}Invalid OAuth error response: ${error}. Raw body: ${body}`;
+    return new ServerError(errorMessage);
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Orchestrates the full auth flow with a server.
  *
@@ -88,6 +138,31 @@ export class UnauthorizedError extends Error {
  * instead of linking together the other lower-level functions in this module.
  */
 export async function auth(
+  provider: OAuthClientProvider,
+  options: {
+    serverUrl: string | URL;
+    authorizationCode?: string;
+    scope?: string;
+    resourceMetadataUrl?: URL }): Promise<AuthResult> {
+
+  try {
+    return await authInternal(provider, options);
+  } catch (error) {
+    // Handle recoverable error types by invalidating credentials and retrying
+    if (error instanceof InvalidClientError || error instanceof UnauthorizedClientError) {
+      await provider.invalidateCredentials?.('all');
+      return await authInternal(provider, options);
+    } else if (error instanceof InvalidGrantError) {
+      await provider.invalidateCredentials?.('tokens');
+      return await authInternal(provider, options);
+    }
+
+    // Throw otherwise
+    throw error
+  }
+}
+
+async function authInternal(
   provider: OAuthClientProvider,
   { serverUrl,
     authorizationCode,
@@ -145,7 +220,7 @@ export async function auth(
     });
 
     await provider.saveTokens(tokens);
-    return "AUTHORIZED";
+    return "AUTHORIZED"
   }
 
   const tokens = await provider.tokens();
@@ -161,9 +236,15 @@ export async function auth(
       });
 
       await provider.saveTokens(newTokens);
-      return "AUTHORIZED";
+      return "AUTHORIZED"
     } catch (error) {
-      console.error("Could not refresh OAuth tokens:", error);
+      // If this is a ServerError, or an unknown type, log it out and try to continue. Otherwise, escalate so we can fix things and retry.
+      if (!(error instanceof OAuthError) || error instanceof ServerError) {
+        console.error("Could not refresh OAuth tokens:", error);
+      } else {
+        console.warn(`OAuth token refresh failed: ${JSON.stringify(error.toResponseObject())}`);
+        throw error;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -180,7 +261,7 @@ export async function auth(
 
   await provider.saveCodeVerifier(codeVerifier);
   await provider.redirectToAuthorization(authorizationUrl);
-  return "REDIRECT";
+  return "REDIRECT"
 }
 
 /**
@@ -427,7 +508,7 @@ export async function exchangeAuthorization(
   });
 
   if (!response.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Token exchange failed: HTTP ${response.status}`);
+    throw await parseErrorResponse(response);
   }
 
   return OAuthTokensSchema.parse(await response.json());
@@ -485,7 +566,7 @@ export async function refreshAuthorization(
     body: params,
   });
   if (!response.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Token refresh failed: HTTP ${response.status}`);
+    throw await parseErrorResponse(response);
   }
 
   return OAuthTokensSchema.parse({ refresh_token: refreshToken, ...(await response.json()) });
@@ -525,7 +606,7 @@ export async function registerClient(
   });
 
   if (!response.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Dynamic client registration failed: HTTP ${response.status}`);
+    throw await parseErrorResponse(response);
   }
 
   return OAuthClientInformationFullSchema.parse(await response.json());
diff --git a/src/client/sse.test.ts b/src/client/sse.test.ts
index 714e1fdd..1b832937 100644
--- a/src/client/sse.test.ts
+++ b/src/client/sse.test.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { JSONRPCMessage } from "../types.js";
 import { SSEClientTransport } from "./sse.js";
 import { OAuthClientProvider, UnauthorizedError } from "./auth.js";
 import { OAuthTokens } from "../shared/auth.js";
+import { InvalidClientError, InvalidGrantError, UnauthorizedClientError } from "../server/auth/errors.js";
 
 describe("SSEClientTransport", () => {
   let resourceServer: Server;
@@ -331,6 +332,7 @@ describe("SSEClientTransport", () => {
         redirectToAuthorization: jest.fn(),
         saveCodeVerifier: jest.fn(),
         codeVerifier: jest.fn(),
+        invalidateCredentials: jest.fn(),
       };
     });
 
@@ -879,5 +881,176 @@ describe("SSEClientTransport", () => {
       await expect(() => transport.start()).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedError);
       expect(mockAuthProvider.redirectToAuthorization).toHaveBeenCalled();
     });
+
+    it("invalidates all credentials on InvalidClientError during token refresh", async () => {
+      // Mock tokens() to return token with refresh token
+      mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+        access_token: "expired-token",
+        token_type: "Bearer",
+        refresh_token: "refresh-token"
+      });
+
+      let baseUrl = resourceBaseUrl;
+
+      // Create server that returns InvalidClientError on token refresh
+      const server = createServer((req, res) => {
+        lastServerRequest = req;
+
+        // Handle OAuth metadata discovery
+        if (req.url === "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server" && req.method === "GET") {
+          res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
+          res.end(JSON.stringify({
+            issuer: baseUrl.href,
+            authorization_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}authorize`,
+            token_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}token`,
+            response_types_supported: ["code"],
+            code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+          }));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url === "/token" && req.method === "POST") {
+          // Handle token refresh request - return InvalidClientError
+          const error = new InvalidClientError("Client authentication failed");
+          res.writeHead(400, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' })
+            .end(JSON.stringify(error.toResponseObject()));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url !== "/") {
+          res.writeHead(404).end();
+          return;
+        }
+        res.writeHead(401).end();
+      });
+
+      await new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+        server.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => {
+          const addr = server.address() as AddressInfo;
+          baseUrl = new URL(`http://127.0.0.1:${addr.port}`);
+          resolve();
+        });
+      });
+
+      transport = new SSEClientTransport(baseUrl, {
+        authProvider: mockAuthProvider,
+      });
+
+      await expect(() => transport.start()).rejects.toThrow(InvalidClientError);
+      expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('all');
+    });
+
+    it("invalidates all credentials on UnauthorizedClientError during token refresh", async () => {
+      // Mock tokens() to return token with refresh token
+      mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+        access_token: "expired-token",
+        token_type: "Bearer",
+        refresh_token: "refresh-token"
+      });
+
+      let baseUrl = resourceBaseUrl;
+
+      const server = createServer((req, res) => {
+        lastServerRequest = req;
+
+        // Handle OAuth metadata discovery
+        if (req.url === "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server" && req.method === "GET") {
+          res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
+          res.end(JSON.stringify({
+            issuer: baseUrl.href,
+            authorization_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}authorize`,
+            token_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}token`,
+            response_types_supported: ["code"],
+            code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+          }));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url === "/token" && req.method === "POST") {
+          // Handle token refresh request - return UnauthorizedClientError
+          const error = new UnauthorizedClientError("Client not authorized");
+          res.writeHead(400, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' })
+            .end(JSON.stringify(error.toResponseObject()));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url !== "/") {
+          res.writeHead(404).end();
+          return;
+        }
+        res.writeHead(401).end();
+      });
+
+      await new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+        server.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => {
+          const addr = server.address() as AddressInfo;
+          baseUrl = new URL(`http://127.0.0.1:${addr.port}`);
+          resolve();
+        });
+      });
+
+      transport = new SSEClientTransport(baseUrl, {
+        authProvider: mockAuthProvider,
+      });
+
+      await expect(() => transport.start()).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedClientError);
+      expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('all');
+    });
+
+    it("invalidates tokens on InvalidGrantError during token refresh", async () => {
+      // Mock tokens() to return token with refresh token
+      mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+        access_token: "expired-token",
+        token_type: "Bearer",
+        refresh_token: "refresh-token"
+      });
+      let baseUrl = resourceBaseUrl;
+
+      const server = createServer((req, res) => {
+        lastServerRequest = req;
+
+        // Handle OAuth metadata discovery
+        if (req.url === "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server" && req.method === "GET") {
+          res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' });
+          res.end(JSON.stringify({
+            issuer: baseUrl.href,
+            authorization_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}authorize`,
+            token_endpoint: `${baseUrl.href}token`,
+            response_types_supported: ["code"],
+            code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+          }));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url === "/token" && req.method === "POST") {
+          // Handle token refresh request - return InvalidGrantError
+          const error = new InvalidGrantError("Invalid refresh token");
+          res.writeHead(400, { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' })
+            .end(JSON.stringify(error.toResponseObject()));
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (req.url !== "/") {
+          res.writeHead(404).end();
+          return;
+        }
+        res.writeHead(401).end();
+      });
+
+      await new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+        server.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => {
+          const addr = server.address() as AddressInfo;
+          baseUrl = new URL(`http://127.0.0.1:${addr.port}`);
+          resolve();
+        });
+      });
+
+      transport = new SSEClientTransport(baseUrl, {
+        authProvider: mockAuthProvider,
+      });
+
+      await expect(() => transport.start()).rejects.toThrow(InvalidGrantError);
+      expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('tokens');
+    });
   });
 });
diff --git a/src/client/streamableHttp.test.ts b/src/client/streamableHttp.test.ts
index f748a2be..f2b55f8e 100644
--- a/src/client/streamableHttp.test.ts
+++ b/src/client/streamableHttp.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { StreamableHTTPClientTransport, StreamableHTTPReconnectionOptions } from "./streamableHttp.js";
 import { OAuthClientProvider, UnauthorizedError } from "./auth.js";
 import { JSONRPCMessage } from "../types.js";
+import { InvalidClientError, InvalidGrantError, UnauthorizedClientError } from "../server/auth/errors.js";
 
 
 describe("StreamableHTTPClientTransport", () => {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ describe("StreamableHTTPClientTransport", () => {
       redirectToAuthorization: jest.fn(),
       saveCodeVerifier: jest.fn(),
       codeVerifier: jest.fn(),
+      invalidateCredentials: jest.fn(),
     };
     transport = new StreamableHTTPClientTransport(new URL("http://localhost:1234/mcp"), { authProvider: mockAuthProvider });
     jest.spyOn(global, "fetch");
@@ -532,4 +534,160 @@ describe("StreamableHTTPClientTransport", () => {
     await expect(transport.send(message)).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedError);
     expect(mockAuthProvider.redirectToAuthorization.mock.calls).toHaveLength(1);
   });
+
+  it("invalidates all credentials on InvalidClientError during auth", async () => {
+    const message: JSONRPCMessage = {
+      jsonrpc: "2.0",
+      method: "test",
+      params: {},
+      id: "test-id"
+    };
+
+    mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+      access_token: "test-token",
+      token_type: "Bearer",
+      refresh_token: "test-refresh"
+    });
+
+    const unauthedResponse = {
+      ok: false,
+      status: 401,
+      statusText: "Unauthorized",
+      headers: new Headers()
+    };
+    (global.fetch as jest.Mock)
+      // Initial connection
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // Resource discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // OAuth metadata discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+        ok: true,
+        status: 200,
+        json: async () => ({
+          issuer: "http://localhost:1234",
+          authorization_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/authorize",
+          token_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/token",
+          response_types_supported: ["code"],
+          code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+        }),
+      })
+      // Token refresh fails with InvalidClientError
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(Response.json(
+        new InvalidClientError("Client authentication failed").toResponseObject(),
+        { status: 400 }
+      ))
+      // Fallback should fail to complete the flow
+      .mockResolvedValue({
+        ok: false,
+        status: 404
+      });
+
+    await expect(transport.send(message)).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedError);
+    expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('all');
+  });
+
+  it("invalidates all credentials on UnauthorizedClientError during auth", async () => {
+    const message: JSONRPCMessage = {
+      jsonrpc: "2.0",
+      method: "test",
+      params: {},
+      id: "test-id"
+    };
+
+    mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+      access_token: "test-token",
+      token_type: "Bearer",
+      refresh_token: "test-refresh"
+    });
+
+    const unauthedResponse = {
+      ok: false,
+      status: 401,
+      statusText: "Unauthorized",
+      headers: new Headers()
+    };
+    (global.fetch as jest.Mock)
+      // Initial connection
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // Resource discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // OAuth metadata discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+        ok: true,
+        status: 200,
+        json: async () => ({
+          issuer: "http://localhost:1234",
+          authorization_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/authorize",
+          token_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/token",
+          response_types_supported: ["code"],
+          code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+        }),
+      })
+      // Token refresh fails with UnauthorizedClientError
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(Response.json(
+        new UnauthorizedClientError("Client not authorized").toResponseObject(),
+        { status: 400 }
+      ))
+      // Fallback should fail to complete the flow
+      .mockResolvedValue({
+        ok: false,
+        status: 404
+      });
+
+    await expect(transport.send(message)).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedError);
+    expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('all');
+  });
+
+  it("invalidates tokens on InvalidGrantError during auth", async () => {
+    const message: JSONRPCMessage = {
+      jsonrpc: "2.0",
+      method: "test",
+      params: {},
+      id: "test-id"
+    };
+
+    mockAuthProvider.tokens.mockResolvedValue({
+      access_token: "test-token",
+      token_type: "Bearer",
+      refresh_token: "test-refresh"
+    });
+
+    const unauthedResponse = {
+      ok: false,
+      status: 401,
+      statusText: "Unauthorized",
+      headers: new Headers()
+    };
+    (global.fetch as jest.Mock)
+      // Initial connection
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // Resource discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(unauthedResponse)
+      // OAuth metadata discovery
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+        ok: true,
+        status: 200,
+        json: async () => ({
+          issuer: "http://localhost:1234",
+          authorization_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/authorize",
+          token_endpoint: "http://localhost:1234/token",
+          response_types_supported: ["code"],
+          code_challenge_methods_supported: ["S256"],
+        }),
+      })
+      // Token refresh fails with InvalidGrantError
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(Response.json(
+        new InvalidGrantError("Invalid refresh token").toResponseObject(),
+        { status: 400 }
+      ))
+      // Fallback should fail to complete the flow
+      .mockResolvedValue({
+        ok: false,
+        status: 404
+      });
+
+    await expect(transport.send(message)).rejects.toThrow(UnauthorizedError);
+    expect(mockAuthProvider.invalidateCredentials).toHaveBeenCalledWith('tokens');
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/server/auth/errors.ts b/src/server/auth/errors.ts
index 428199ce..83bb7fd3 100644
--- a/src/server/auth/errors.ts
+++ b/src/server/auth/errors.ts
@@ -4,12 +4,15 @@ import { OAuthErrorResponse } from "../../shared/auth.js";
  * Base class for all OAuth errors
  */
 export class OAuthError extends Error {
+  static errorCode: string;
+  public errorCode: string;
+
   constructor(
-    public readonly errorCode: string,
     message: string,
     public readonly errorUri?: string
   ) {
     super(message);
+    this.errorCode = (this.constructor as typeof OAuthError).errorCode
     this.name = this.constructor.name;
   }
 
@@ -36,9 +39,7 @@ export class OAuthError extends Error {
  * or is otherwise malformed.
  */
 export class InvalidRequestError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_request", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_request";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -46,9 +47,7 @@ export class InvalidRequestError extends OAuthError {
  * authentication included, or unsupported authentication method).
  */
 export class InvalidClientError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_client", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_client";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -57,9 +56,7 @@ export class InvalidClientError extends OAuthError {
  * authorization request, or was issued to another client.
  */
 export class InvalidGrantError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_grant", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_grant";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -67,9 +64,7 @@ export class InvalidGrantError extends OAuthError {
  * this authorization grant type.
  */
 export class UnauthorizedClientError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("unauthorized_client", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "unauthorized_client";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -77,9 +72,7 @@ export class UnauthorizedClientError extends OAuthError {
  * by the authorization server.
  */
 export class UnsupportedGrantTypeError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("unsupported_grant_type", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "unsupported_grant_type";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -87,18 +80,14 @@ export class UnsupportedGrantTypeError extends OAuthError {
  * exceeds the scope granted by the resource owner.
  */
 export class InvalidScopeError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_scope", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_scope";
 }
 
 /**
  * Access denied error - The resource owner or authorization server denied the request.
  */
 export class AccessDeniedError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("access_denied", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "access_denied";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -106,9 +95,7 @@ export class AccessDeniedError extends OAuthError {
  * that prevented it from fulfilling the request.
  */
 export class ServerError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("server_error", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "server_error";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -116,9 +103,7 @@ export class ServerError extends OAuthError {
  * handle the request due to a temporary overloading or maintenance of the server.
  */
 export class TemporarilyUnavailableError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("temporarily_unavailable", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "temporarily_unavailable";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -126,9 +111,7 @@ export class TemporarilyUnavailableError extends OAuthError {
  * obtaining an authorization code using this method.
  */
 export class UnsupportedResponseTypeError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("unsupported_response_type", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "unsupported_response_type";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -136,9 +119,7 @@ export class UnsupportedResponseTypeError extends OAuthError {
  * the requested token type.
  */
 export class UnsupportedTokenTypeError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("unsupported_token_type", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "unsupported_token_type";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -146,9 +127,7 @@ export class UnsupportedTokenTypeError extends OAuthError {
  * or invalid for other reasons.
  */
 export class InvalidTokenError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_token", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_token";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -156,9 +135,7 @@ export class InvalidTokenError extends OAuthError {
  * (Custom, non-standard error)
  */
 export class MethodNotAllowedError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("method_not_allowed", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "method_not_allowed";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -166,9 +143,7 @@ export class MethodNotAllowedError extends OAuthError {
  * (Custom, non-standard error based on RFC 6585)
  */
 export class TooManyRequestsError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("too_many_requests", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "too_many_requests";
 }
 
 /**
@@ -176,16 +151,44 @@ export class TooManyRequestsError extends OAuthError {
  * (Custom error for dynamic client registration - RFC 7591)
  */
 export class InvalidClientMetadataError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("invalid_client_metadata", message, errorUri);
-  }
+  static errorCode = "invalid_client_metadata";
 }
 
 /**
  * Insufficient scope error - The request requires higher privileges than provided by the access token.
  */
 export class InsufficientScopeError extends OAuthError {
-  constructor(message: string, errorUri?: string) {
-    super("insufficient_scope", message, errorUri);
+  static errorCode = "insufficient_scope";
+}
+
+/**
+ * A utility class for defining one-off error codes
+ */
+export class CustomOAuthError extends OAuthError {
+  constructor(errorCode: string, message: string, errorUri?: string) {
+    super(message, errorUri);
+    this.errorCode = errorCode
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * A full list of all OAuthErrors, enabling parsing from error responses
+ */
+export const OAUTH_ERRORS = {
+  [InvalidRequestError.errorCode]: InvalidRequestError,
+  [InvalidClientError.errorCode]: InvalidClientError,
+  [InvalidGrantError.errorCode]: InvalidGrantError,
+  [UnauthorizedClientError.errorCode]: UnauthorizedClientError,
+  [UnsupportedGrantTypeError.errorCode]: UnsupportedGrantTypeError,
+  [InvalidScopeError.errorCode]: InvalidScopeError,
+  [AccessDeniedError.errorCode]: AccessDeniedError,
+  [ServerError.errorCode]: ServerError,
+  [TemporarilyUnavailableError.errorCode]: TemporarilyUnavailableError,
+  [UnsupportedResponseTypeError.errorCode]: UnsupportedResponseTypeError,
+  [UnsupportedTokenTypeError.errorCode]: UnsupportedTokenTypeError,
+  [InvalidTokenError.errorCode]: InvalidTokenError,
+  [MethodNotAllowedError.errorCode]: MethodNotAllowedError,
+  [TooManyRequestsError.errorCode]: TooManyRequestsError,
+  [InvalidClientMetadataError.errorCode]: InvalidClientMetadataError,
+  [InsufficientScopeError.errorCode]: InsufficientScopeError,
+} as const;
diff --git a/src/server/auth/middleware/bearerAuth.test.ts b/src/server/auth/middleware/bearerAuth.test.ts
index b8953e5c..4e5e1429 100644
--- a/src/server/auth/middleware/bearerAuth.test.ts
+++ b/src/server/auth/middleware/bearerAuth.test.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Request, Response } from "express";
 import { requireBearerAuth } from "./bearerAuth.js";
 import { AuthInfo } from "../types.js";
-import { InsufficientScopeError, InvalidTokenError, OAuthError, ServerError } from "../errors.js";
+import { InsufficientScopeError, InvalidTokenError, CustomOAuthError, ServerError } from "../errors.js";
 import { OAuthTokenVerifier } from "../provider.js";
 
 // Mock verifier
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ describe("requireBearerAuth middleware", () => {
       authorization: "Bearer valid-token",
     };
 
-    mockVerifyAccessToken.mockRejectedValue(new OAuthError("custom_error", "Some OAuth error"));
+    mockVerifyAccessToken.mockRejectedValue(new CustomOAuthError("custom_error", "Some OAuth error"));
 
     const middleware = requireBearerAuth({ verifier: mockVerifier });
     await middleware(mockRequest as Request, mockResponse as Response, nextFunction);