Merge branch 'CodeHarborHub:main' into main

Author: komal-agarwal5

docs/cpp/basic-syntax-and-structure/02_Variables_and_Data_Types.md

@@ -13,4 +13,71 @@ tags:
     c++ data types
   ]
 description: In this tutorial, we will learn about variables and data types in C++. We will learn about what variables are, how to declare and initialize variables, and the different data types available in the language.
----
+---
+
+# Variables and Data Types in C++
+
+## Data Types
+
+C++ is a strongly-typed language, meaning every variable must be declared with a data type.
+
+### Primitive Data Types
+
+- **int**: Integer type.
+- **double**: Double-precision floating point.
+- **char**: Character type.
+- **bool**: Boolean type (true or false).
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+int number = 10;
+double price = 9.99;
+char letter = 'A';
+bool isCppFun = true;
+```
+
+### Derived Data Types
+
+Derived data types are created from fundamental data types.
+
+- **Array**: A collection of elements of the same data type.
+- **Pointer**: A variable that stores the memory address of another variable.
+- **Reference**: A reference to another variable, often used in functions.
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+int numbers[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+int* ptr = &number;
+int& refNumber = number;
+```
+
+## Variables
+
+Variables store data values and must be declared before use.
+
+### Variable Declaration
+
+```cpp
+int age;
+char grade;
+```
+
+### Variable Initialization
+
+```cpp
+age = 25;
+grade = 'A';
+```
+
+### Combined Declaration and Initialization
+
+```cpp
+int age = 25;
+char grade = 'A';
+```
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Understanding C++ variables and data types is fundamental to writing efficient and effective C++ code. By mastering these concepts, you can work with different types of data and create dynamic and robust applications in C++.

docs/cpp/basic-syntax-and-structure/03_Operators_and_Expressions.md

@@ -6,4 +6,71 @@ sidebar_position: 3
 tags:
   [c++, operators, expressions, programming, c++ operators, c++ expressions]
 description: In this tutorial, we will learn about operators and expressions in C++. We will learn about the different types of operators available in C++, how to use them, and how to create expressions using operators.
----
+---
+
+# Operators and Expressions in C++
+
+## Operators
+
+C++ supports various operators for arithmetic, comparison, logical operations, etc.
+
+### Arithmetic Operators
+
+- `+` (addition)
+- `-` (subtraction)
+- `*` (multiplication)
+- `/` (division)
+- `%` (modulus)
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+int sum = 10 + 5; // 15
+int difference = 10 - 5; // 5
+```
+
+### Comparison Operators
+
+- `==` (equal to)
+- `!=` (not equal to)
+- `>` (greater than)
+- `<` (less than)
+- `>=` (greater than or equal to)
+- `<=` (less than or equal to)
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+bool isEqual = (10 == 10); // true
+bool isGreater = (10 > 5); // true
+```
+
+### Logical Operators
+
+- `&&` (logical AND)
+- `||` (logical OR)
+- `!` (logical NOT)
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+bool result = (true && false); // false
+bool orResult = (true || false); // true
+```
+
+## Expressions
+
+Expressions in C++ are formed using operators and operands. An expression can be a combination of literals, variables, and operators.
+
+Example:
+
+```cpp
+int x = 10;
+int y = 5;
+int z = x + y; // z = 15
+bool isTrue = (x > y) && (z != y); // true
+```
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Understanding C++ operators and expressions is fundamental to writing effective C++ code. By mastering these concepts, you can perform various operations and create complex expressions in your C++ programs.

docs/cpp/basic-syntax-and-structure/cpp-syntax-basics.md

@@ -14,4 +14,89 @@ tags:
     c++ features,
   ]
 description: In this tutorial, we will learn about the syntax and structure of the C++ programming language. We will learn about the basic structure of a C++ program, C++ syntax, and the rules that govern the C++ programming language.
----
+---
+
+# C++ Syntax and Structure
+
+## Introduction
+
+Understanding the basic syntax and structure of C++ is essential for writing effective C++ programs. This guide covers the fundamental elements of C++ syntax and how to structure a C++ program.
+
+## Basic Syntax
+
+### Hello World Example
+
+The simplest C++ program is a "Hello, World!" application. Here's what it looks like:
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main() {
+    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}
+```
+
+### Explanation
+
+- **Header File**: The `#include <iostream>` line includes the input/output stream library, allowing us to use `cout` and `endl`.
+- **Main Function**: The `main` function is the entry point of any C++ application. It returns an integer value (`int`) indicating the exit status.
+- **Output Statement**: The `std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;` statement prints the specified message to the console.
+
+## Comments
+
+Comments are used to explain code and are ignored by the compiler.
+
+- **Single-line comments** start with `//`.
+
+```cpp
+// This is a single-line comment
+```
+
+- **Multi-line comments** are enclosed in `/* ... */`.
+
+```cpp
+/*
+ This is a multi-line comment
+ that spans multiple lines.
+ */
+```
+
+## Data Types and Variables
+
+C++ supports various data types such as `int`, `double`, `char`, `bool`, etc., and allows the declaration of variables using the syntax `datatype variableName;`.
+
+```cpp
+int age = 25;
+double salary = 50000.50;
+char grade = 'A';
+bool isEmployed = true;
+```
+
+## Control Structures
+
+C++ provides control structures like `if`, `else`, `for`, `while`, and `switch` for conditional and looping operations.
+
+```cpp
+if (age >= 18) {
+    std::cout << "You are an adult." << std::endl;
+} else {
+    std::cout << "You are a minor." << std::endl;
+}
+```
+
+## Functions
+
+Functions in C++ are declared using the syntax `returnType functionName(parameters) { ... }`.
+
+```cpp
+int add(int a, int b) {
+    return a + b;
+}
+
+int result = add(5, 10); // result = 15
+```
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Understanding the basic syntax and structure of C++ is foundational to becoming proficient in C++ programming. By mastering these concepts, you can write efficient and reliable C++ code for various applications.

docs/cpp/home.md

@@ -5,4 +5,49 @@ sidebar_label: Overview
 sidebar_position: 1
 tags: [C++, overview]
 description: In this tutorial, you will learn about the C++ programming language, its features, and its applications.
----
+---
+
+C++ is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that is widely used for developing system software, application software, game development, and more. It is an extension of the C programming language with additional features such as classes and objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and templates.
+
+## What we will learn in this tutorial?
+
+In this tutorial, you will learn about the C++ programming language, its features, and its applications. You will also learn how to set up a C++ development environment on your computer and write your first C++ program.
+
+## What is C++?
+
+- C++ is a high-level, general-purpose programming language.
+- It is an extension of the C programming language with additional features such as classes and objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and templates.
+- C++ is designed for system programming, application development, game development, and more.
+- It is a statically typed language, which means that variable types are checked at compile time.
+- C++ supports both procedural programming and object-oriented programming paradigms.
+- C++ code is typically compiled into machine code for execution.
+
+## Features of C++
+
+- **Object-Oriented**: C++ is an object-oriented programming language. It supports the concepts of classes and objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.
+- **Statically Typed**: C++ is a statically typed language, which means that variable types are checked at compile time.
+- **Compiled Language**: C++ code is compiled into machine code for execution, which can result in high performance.
+- **Portable**: C++ code can be compiled and executed on different platforms, making it portable.
+- **Memory Management**: C++ allows manual memory management using pointers, which gives developers more control over memory allocation and deallocation.
+- **Standard Library**: C++ provides a rich standard library that includes data structures, algorithms, input/output functions, and more.
+- **Compatibility with C**: C++ is compatible with C code, allowing developers to use existing C libraries and code in C++ programs.
+
+## Applications of C++
+
+C++ is used in a wide range of applications, including:
+
+- **System Software**: C++ is used to develop system software such as operating systems, device drivers, and firmware.
+- **Application Software**: C++ is used to develop application software such as desktop applications, business applications, and productivity tools.
+- **Game Development**: C++ is widely used in game development. It is used to build game engines, game logic, and graphics rendering.
+- **Embedded Systems**: C++ is used in embedded systems development. It is used to build embedded software for devices such as microcontrollers, IoT devices, and automotive systems.
+- **High-Performance Computing**: C++ is used in high-performance computing (HPC) applications such as scientific computing, simulations, and data analysis.
+- **Graphics Programming**: C++ is used in graphics programming. It is used to develop graphics libraries, rendering engines, and graphical user interfaces (GUIs).
+- **Financial Applications**: C++ is used in financial applications such as trading systems, risk management software, and financial modeling tools.
+- **Compiler Development**: C++ is used to develop compilers, interpreters, and language tools for other programming languages.
+- **Networking**: C++ is used in networking applications such as network protocols, servers, and communication software.
+- **Artificial Intelligence**: C++ is used in artificial intelligence (AI) applications such as machine learning algorithms, neural networks, and AI research.
+- **Multimedia Applications**: C++ is used in multimedia applications such as audio/video processing, image processing, and media players.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+C++ is a powerful and versatile programming language that is widely used in various domains. It combines the features of procedural programming with object-oriented programming, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced developer, learning C++ can open up opportunities to work on exciting projects and technologies. In this tutorial, you will learn the basics of C++ programming and how to get started with C++ development. Let's dive in!

docs/cpp/introduction-to-cpp/setting-up-your-cpp-environment.md

@@ -5,4 +5,45 @@ sidebar_label: Setup C++ Development Environment
 sidebar_position: 3
 tags: [c++, setup c++ development environment]
 description: In this tutorial, you will walk through all the steps of setting up a C++ development environment on your local computer.
----
+---
+
+# Setting Up a C++ Environment
+
+## Introduction
+
+Before you can start programming in C++, you need to set up your development environment. This typically involves installing the necessary software and configuring your system to compile and run C++ code.
+
+## Steps to Set Up C++ Environment
+
+1. **Install a C++ Compiler**:
+
+   - For Windows, you can install MinGW or Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler.
+   - For macOS, you can install Xcode Command Line Tools or use Homebrew to install GCC.
+   - For Linux, you can use your package manager to install GCC or Clang.
+
+2. **Choose a Text Editor or Integrated Development Environment (IDE)**:
+
+   - Choose a text editor like Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, or Atom, or an IDE like Visual Studio or CLion for C++ development.
+   - Download and install the chosen editor or IDE from their official websites.
+
+3. **Set Up Compiler and Build Tools**:
+
+   - If using an IDE, configure it to use the installed C++ compiler (e.g., GCC or Clang).
+   - For text editors, install C++ language support extensions or plugins for syntax highlighting and code completion.
+
+4. **Install C++ Libraries and Frameworks** (Optional but recommended):
+
+   - Depending on your project requirements, install any necessary C++ libraries or frameworks like Boost, Qt, or OpenGL.
+   - Configure your development environment to include these libraries in your project.
+
+5. **Verify Installation**:
+
+   - Open a terminal or command prompt and type `g++ --version` (for GCC) or `clang++ --version` (for Clang) to verify that the C++ compiler is installed and accessible.
+
+6. **Set Up Environment Variables** (Optional but recommended):
+
+   - Set up environment variables such as `PATH` to include the directory containing the C++ compiler and build tools, allowing you to run C++ commands from any directory in the terminal or command prompt.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Setting up a C++ environment is crucial for C++ developers to compile, run, and manage C++ applications effectively. By following these steps and choosing the right tools for your needs, you can create a well-configured development environment that enhances your productivity and workflow when working with C++ code.

docs/cpp/introduction-to-cpp/what-is-cpp.md

@@ -5,4 +5,43 @@ sidebar_label: What is C++?
 sidebar_position: 1
 tags: [c++, what is c++, introduction to c++]
 description: In this tutorial, you will learn about the C++ programming language, what it is, its features, and its applications.
----
+---
+
+# Introduction to C++
+
+## What is C++?
+
+C++ is a powerful and widely-used programming language known for its versatility, performance, and extensive feature set. It is an extension of the C programming language with additional features such as classes and objects, inheritance, polymorphism, templates, and more. C++ is designed for system programming, application development, game development, and other domains.
+
+## Key Features of C++
+
+- **Object-Oriented**: C++ is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language, allowing developers to create classes and objects that encapsulate data and behavior.
+- **Statically Typed**: C++ is a statically typed language, meaning that variable types are checked at compile time for type safety.
+- **Compiled Language**: C++ code is compiled into machine code for execution, resulting in high performance and efficiency.
+- **Memory Management**: C++ allows manual memory management using pointers, giving developers control over memory allocation and deallocation.
+- **Standard Library**: C++ provides a rich standard library with data structures, algorithms, input/output functions, and more, facilitating software development.
+- **Compatibility with C**: C++ is compatible with C code, allowing developers to use existing C libraries and code in C++ programs.
+
+## C++ Development Ecosystem
+
+C++ has a comprehensive development ecosystem comprising various tools, libraries, and frameworks:
+
+- **Integrated Development Environments (IDEs)**: Popular IDEs for C++ development include Visual Studio, Code::Blocks, and CLion, offering features like code completion, debugging, and project management.
+  
+- **Libraries and Frameworks**: C++ has numerous libraries and frameworks for different purposes, such as Boost for general-purpose programming, Qt for GUI development, and OpenGL for graphics programming.
+
+- **Community Support**: C++ has a vibrant community of developers who contribute to open-source projects, share knowledge through forums and blogs, and provide support to fellow developers.
+
+## C++ Editions
+
+C++ has evolved over time, leading to different editions tailored for specific platforms and use cases:
+
+- **Standard C++**: Also known as ISO C++, this is the standardized version of the language maintained by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
+
+- **C++11, C++14, C++17, C++20**: These are versions of the language that introduce new features and improvements, enhancing productivity and code quality.
+
+- **Embedded C++ (EC++)**: Optimized for embedded systems development, EC++ focuses on efficiency, low-level programming, and resource-constrained environments.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+C++ continues to be a preferred choice for developers due to its versatility, performance, and extensive ecosystem. Whether you are building system software, applications, games, or embedded systems, C++ offers the tools and capabilities to meet diverse development needs. Its object-oriented nature, strong memory management, and compatibility with C make it a robust and reliable language for a wide range of projects.