Merge pull request #1373 from VaishnaviMankala19/lc-sol-3105

added 3105 solution lc

Author: ajay-dhangar

dsa-solutions/lc-solutions/3100-3199/3105-Longest Strictly Increasing or Strictly Decreasing Subarray.md

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+---
+id: longest-strictly-subarray
+title: Longest Strictly Increasing or Strictly Decreasing Subarray 
+sidebar_label: 3105-LongestStrictlySubarray
+tags:
+  - Array
+  - Dynamic Programming
+description: Return the length of the longest subarray of nums which is either strictly increasing or strictly decreasing.
+sidebar_position: 3105
+---
+
+## Problem Description
+
+You are given an array of integers `nums`. Return the length of the longest subarray of `nums` which is either strictly increasing or strictly decreasing.
+
+### Example 1
+
+- **Input:** `nums = [1,4,3,3,2]`
+- **Output:** `2`
+- **Explanation:**
+  - The strictly increasing subarrays of nums are [1], [2], [3], [3], [4], and [1,4].
+  - The strictly decreasing subarrays of nums are [1], [2], [3], [3], [4], [3,2], and [4,3].
+  - Hence, we return 2.
+
+### Example 2
+
+- **Input:** `nums = [3,3,3,3]`
+- **Output:** `1`
+- **Explanation:**
+  - The strictly increasing subarrays of nums are [3], [3], [3], and [3].
+  - The strictly decreasing subarrays of nums are [3], [3], [3], and [3].
+  - Hence, we return 1.
+
+### Example 3
+
+- **Input:** `nums = [3,2,1]`
+- **Output:** `3`
+- **Explanation:**
+  - The strictly increasing subarrays of nums are [3], [2], and [1].
+  - The strictly decreasing subarrays of nums are [3], [2], [1], [3,2], [2,1], and [3,2,1].
+  - Hence, we return 3.
+
+### Constraints
+
+- `1 <= nums.length <= 50`
+- `1 <= nums[i] <= 50`
+
+## Approach
+
+To solve this problem, we can use a dynamic programming approach:
+
+1. **Dynamic Programming Array**:
+   - Use two arrays `inc` and `dec` to store the lengths of the longest strictly increasing and strictly decreasing subarrays ending at each index `i` in `nums`.
+   - Traverse through the array from left to right to populate `inc`.
+   - Traverse through the array from right to left to populate `dec`.
+   - The maximum value from `inc` and `dec` arrays will give us the length of the longest subarray that is either strictly increasing or strictly decreasing.
+
+### Solution Code
+
+#### Python
+
+```python
+class Solution:
+    def longestMonotonicSubarray(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
+        n = len(nums)
+        if n <= 1:
+            return n
+        
+        inc = [1] * n  # Length of longest strictly increasing subarray ending at index i
+        dec = [1] * n  # Length of longest strictly decreasing subarray ending at index i
+        
+        # Fill inc array
+        for i in range(1, n):
+            if nums[i] > nums[i - 1]:
+                inc[i] = inc[i - 1] + 1
+        
+        # Fill dec array
+        for i in range(n - 2, -1, -1):
+            if nums[i] > nums[i + 1]:
+                dec[i] = dec[i + 1] + 1
+        
+        # Find the maximum length of strictly increasing or strictly decreasing subarray
+        max_len = 1  # At least a single element subarray is valid
+        for i in range(n):
+            max_len = max(max_len, inc[i], dec[i])
+        
+        return max_len
+```
+
+#### C++
+
+```c++
+class Solution {
+public:
+    int longestMonotonicSubarray(vector<int>& nums) {
+        int n = nums.size();
+        if (n <= 1) {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+        vector<int> inc(n, 1); // Length of longest strictly increasing subarray ending at index i
+        vector<int> dec(n, 1); // Length of longest strictly decreasing subarray ending at index i
+        
+        // Fill inc array
+        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+            if (nums[i] > nums[i - 1]) {
+                inc[i] = inc[i - 1] + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // Fill dec array
+        for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
+            if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
+                dec[i] = dec[i + 1] + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // Find the maximum length of strictly increasing or strictly decreasing subarray
+        int maxLen = 1; // At least a single element subarray is valid
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            maxLen = max(maxLen, max(inc[i], dec[i]));
+        }
+        
+        return maxLen;
+    }
+};
+
+```
+
+#### Java
+
+```java
+class Solution {
+    public int longestMonotonicSubarray(int[] nums) {
+        int n = nums.length;
+        if (n <= 1) {
+            return n;
+        }
+        
+        int[] inc = new int[n]; // Length of longest strictly increasing subarray ending at index i
+        int[] dec = new int[n]; // Length of longest strictly decreasing subarray ending at index i
+        
+        // Fill inc array
+        Arrays.fill(inc, 1);
+        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+            if (nums[i] > nums[i - 1]) {
+                inc[i] = inc[i - 1] + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // Fill dec array
+        Arrays.fill(dec, 1);
+        for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
+            if (nums[i] > nums[i + 1]) {
+                dec[i] = dec[i + 1] + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // Find the maximum length of strictly increasing or strictly decreasing subarray
+        int maxLen = 1; // At least a single element subarray is valid
+        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            maxLen = Math.max(maxLen, Math.max(inc[i], dec[i]));
+        }
+        
+        return maxLen;
+    }
+}
+
+```
+
+### Comclusion
+The above solutions use dynamic programming to find the length of the longest subarray in nums that 
+is either strictly increasing or strictly decreasing. They ensure efficient computation within the 
+given constraints, providing robust solutions across different inputs.