Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

Author: ahmetmujde

Week07/README.md

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+# Parallel Programming Exercises
+
+## 🔴 Basic Concepts I
+
+### 1. What do you call a command-line interpreter which lets you interact with your OS and execute Python commands and scripts?
+
+- An editor
+- Jython
+- A console
+- A compiler
+
+### 2. What is the expected output of the following code?
+
+```python
+prin("Goodbye!")
+```
+
+- The program will generate an error message to the screen
+- The program will output **("Goodbye!")** to the screen
+- The program will output **"Goodbye!"** to the screen
+- The program will output **Goodbye!** to the screen
+
+### 3. What is the expected output of the following code?
+
+```python
+print("Hello!")
+```
+
+- The program will output **Hello!** to the screen
+- The program will generate an error message to the screen
+- The program will output **"Hello!"** to the screen
+- The program will output **("Hello!")** to the screen
+
+### 4. What is CPython?
+
+- It's a programming language that is a superset of the C language, designed to produce Python-like performance with code written in C
+- It's the default, reference implementation of the C language, written in Python
+- It's a programming language that is a superset of Python, designed to produce C-like performance with code written in Python
+- It's the default, reference implementation of Python, written in the C language
+
+### 5. What is true about compilation?
+
+**I.** The code is converted directly into machine code executable by the processor
+**II.** It tends to be slower that interpretation
+**III.** Both you and the end user must have the compiler to run your code
+**IV.** It tends to be faster that interpretation
+
+- I and II
+- I and III
+- II and III
+- I and IV
+
+## 🔴 Basic Concepts II
+
+### 1. The print() function can output values of
+
+- any number of arguments (including zero)
+- just one argument
+- any number of arguments (excluding zero)
+- not more than five arguments
+
+### 2. What is the output of the following snippet if the user enters two lines containing 2 and 4 respectively?
+
+```python
+x = input()
+y = input()
+print(x + y)
+```
+
+- 24
+- 2
+- 4
+- 6
+
+### 3. What is the output of the following snippet?
+
+```python
+y = 2 + 3 * 5.
+print(Y)
+```
+
+- 25
+- the program will generate an error message to the screen
+- 17
+- 17.0
+
+### 4. The ** operator
+
+- does not exist
+- performs duplicated multiplication
+- performs floating-point multiplication
+- performs exponentiation
+
+### 5. The meaning of the keyword parameter is determined by
+
+- its position within the argument list
+- its value
+- the argument's name specified along with its value
+- its connection with existing variables
+
+## 🔴 Loops and Sequences
+
+### 1. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+my_list = [1, 2, 3]
+for v in range(len(my_list)):
+    my_list.insert(1, my_list[v])
+print(my_list)
+```
+
+- [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]
+- [1, 2, 3, 3, 2, 1]
+- [3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3]
+- [1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3]
+
+### 2. How many stars will the following code snippet print?
+
+```python
+i = 0
+while i <= 5:
+    i += 1
+    if i % 2 == 0:
+        break
+    print("*")
+```
+
+- three
+- one
+- two
+- zero
+
+### 3. How many elements does the my_list contain after the following code is executed?
+
+```python
+my_list = [i for i in range(-1, 2)]
+```
+
+- four
+- one
+- two
+- three
+
+### 4. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+my_list = [3, 1, -2]
+print(my_list[my_list[-1]])
+```
+
+- -2
+- 3
+- 1
+- -1
+
+### 5. The value eventually assigned to the variable x is
+
+```python
+x = 1
+x = x == x
+```
+
+- False
+- 1
+- True
+- 0
+
+## 🔴 Functions and Decorators
+
+### 1. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+def func(a, b):
+    return a ** a
+
+print(func(2))
+```
+
+- 4
+- 2
+- None
+- error
+
+### 2. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+def func(inp=2, out=3):
+    return inp * out
+
+print(func(out=2))
+```
+
+- 2
+- 4
+- 6
+- error
+
+### 3. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+def decorator(func):
+    def wrapper():
+        print("Before function call", end=" >> ")
+        result = func()
+        print("After function call", end=" >> ")
+        return result
+    return wrapper
+
+
+@decorator
+def say_hello():
+    print("Hello!", end=" >> ")
+
+say_hello()
+```
+
+- Before function call >> Hello!
+- Hello! >> Before function call
+- Before function call >> Hello! >> After function call >>
+- The program will generate an error message to the screen
+
+### 4. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+def func(x):
+    global y
+    y = x * x
+    return y
+
+
+func(2)
+print(y)
+```
+
+- 2
+- None
+- 4
+- error
+
+### 5. What is the output of the following code?
+
+```python
+def func(x, y, z):
+    return x + 2 * y + 3 * z
+
+
+print(func(0, z=1, y=3))
+```
+
+- 3
+- error
+- 0
+- 9
+
+## 🔴 Asynchronous Programming
+
+### 1. Which method starts an event loop in asyncio module?
+
+- asyncio.start()
+- asyncio.run()
+- asyncio.loop()
+- asyncio.call()
+
+### 2. How does asynchronous programming handle multiple tasks?
+
+- By running them on different threads
+- By switching between tasks using the event loop
+- By running them on multiple CPU cores
+- By starting a new event loop for each task
+
+### 3. What will happen if you forget to await a coroutine?
+
+- The coroutine will run twice
+- The coroutine will throw a runtime error
+- The coroutine will return a coroutine object instead of running
+- The coroutine will block the event loop
+
+### 4. Which of the following correctly declares an asynchronous function?
+
+- def async_function():
+- async def async_function():
+- def async async_function():
+- def async_function async():
+
+### 5. What is the function of asyncio.gather()?
+
+- It creates a new event loop for each coroutine
+- It ensures coroutines run sequentially
+- It schedules multiple coroutines to run concurrently
+- It waits for each coroutine to finish before starting the next one