fix(material/expansion): switch away from animations module

Reworks the expansion panel to animate purely with CSS, rather than going through the `@angular/animations` module. This simplifies the setup and allows us to resolve several long-standing bug reports.

Author: crisbeto

src/material/expansion/expansion-animations.ts

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ export const EXPANSION_PANEL_ANIMATION_TIMING = '225ms cubic-bezier(0.4,0.0,0.2,
  * Angular Bug: https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/18847
  *
  * @docs-private
+ * @deprecated No longer being used, to be removed.
+ * @breaking-change 21.0.0
  */
 export const matExpansionAnimations: {
   readonly indicatorRotate: AnimationTriggerMetadata;

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel-header.html

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 </span>
 
 @if (_showToggle()) {
-  <span [@indicatorRotate]="_getExpandedState()" class="mat-expansion-indicator">
+  <span class="mat-expansion-indicator">
     <svg
       xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
       viewBox="0 -960 960 960"

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel-header.scss

@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@
   align-items: center;
   padding: 0 24px;
   border-radius: inherit;
-  transition: height expansion-variables.$header-transition;
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled & {
+    transition: height expansion-variables.$header-transition;
+  }
 
   @include token-utils.use-tokens(
     tokens-mat-expansion.$prefix, tokens-mat-expansion.get-token-slots()) {
@@ -141,6 +144,14 @@
 // Creates the expansion indicator arrow. Done using ::after
 // rather than having additional nodes in the template.
 .mat-expansion-indicator {
+  .mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled & {
+    transition: transform 225ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
+  }
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel-header.mat-expanded & {
+    transform: rotate(180deg);
+  }
+
   &::after {
     border-style: solid;
     border-width: 0 2px 2px 0;

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel-header.ts

@@ -19,14 +19,12 @@ import {
   numberAttribute,
   OnDestroy,
   ViewEncapsulation,
-  ANIMATION_MODULE_TYPE,
   inject,
   HostAttributeToken,
 } from '@angular/core';
 import {EMPTY, merge, Subscription} from 'rxjs';
 import {filter} from 'rxjs/operators';
 import {MatAccordionTogglePosition} from './accordion-base';
-import {matExpansionAnimations} from './expansion-animations';
 import {
   MatExpansionPanel,
   MatExpansionPanelDefaultOptions,
@@ -44,7 +42,6 @@ import {_StructuralStylesLoader} from '@angular/material/core';
   templateUrl: 'expansion-panel-header.html',
   encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None,
   changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
-  animations: [matExpansionAnimations.indicatorRotate],
   host: {
     'class': 'mat-expansion-panel-header mat-focus-indicator',
     'role': 'button',
@@ -56,7 +53,6 @@ import {_StructuralStylesLoader} from '@angular/material/core';
     '[class.mat-expanded]': '_isExpanded()',
     '[class.mat-expansion-toggle-indicator-after]': `_getTogglePosition() === 'after'`,
     '[class.mat-expansion-toggle-indicator-before]': `_getTogglePosition() === 'before'`,
-    '[class._mat-animation-noopable]': '_animationMode === "NoopAnimations"',
     '[style.height]': '_getHeaderHeight()',
     '(click)': '_toggle()',
     '(keydown)': '_keydown($event)',
@@ -67,7 +63,6 @@ export class MatExpansionPanelHeader implements AfterViewInit, OnDestroy, Focusa
   private _element = inject(ElementRef);
   private _focusMonitor = inject(FocusMonitor);
   private _changeDetectorRef = inject(ChangeDetectorRef);
-  _animationMode = inject(ANIMATION_MODULE_TYPE, {optional: true});
 
   private _parentChangeSubscription = Subscription.EMPTY;
 

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel.html

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 <ng-content select="mat-expansion-panel-header"></ng-content>
-<div class="mat-expansion-panel-content"
-     role="region"
-     [@bodyExpansion]="_getExpandedState()"
-     (@bodyExpansion.start)="_animationStarted($event)"
-     (@bodyExpansion.done)="_animationDone($event)"
-     [attr.aria-labelledby]="_headerId"
-     [id]="id"
-     #body>
-  <div class="mat-expansion-panel-body">
-    <ng-content></ng-content>
-    <ng-template [cdkPortalOutlet]="_portal"></ng-template>
+<div class="mat-expansion-panel-content-wrapper" [attr.inert]="expanded ? null : ''" #bodyWrapper>
+  <div class="mat-expansion-panel-content"
+       role="region"
+       [attr.aria-labelledby]="_headerId"
+       [id]="id"
+       #body>
+    <div class="mat-expansion-panel-body">
+      <ng-content></ng-content>
+      <ng-template [cdkPortalOutlet]="_portal"></ng-template>
+    </div>
+    <ng-content select="mat-action-row"></ng-content>
   </div>
-  <ng-content select="mat-action-row"></ng-content>
 </div>

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel.scss

@@ -10,8 +10,11 @@
   display: block;
   margin: 0;
   overflow: hidden;
-  transition: margin 225ms variables.$fast-out-slow-in-timing-function,
-      elevation.private-transition-property-value();
+
+  &.mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled {
+    transition: margin 225ms variables.$fast-out-slow-in-timing-function,
+        elevation.private-transition-property-value();
+  }
 
   // Required so that the `box-shadow` works after the
   // focus indicator relatively positions the header.
@@ -48,18 +51,58 @@
   @include cdk.high-contrast {
     outline: solid 1px;
   }
+}
 
-  &.ng-animate-disabled,
-  .ng-animate-disabled &,
-  &._mat-animation-noopable {
-    transition: none;
+.mat-expansion-panel-content-wrapper {
+  // Note: we can't use `overflow: hidden` here, because it can clip content with
+  // ripples or box shadows. Instead we transition the `visibility` below.
+  // Based on https://css-tricks.com/css-grid-can-do-auto-height-transitions.
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-rows: 0fr;
+  grid-template-columns: 100%;
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled & {
+    transition: grid-template-rows 225ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
   }
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel.mat-expanded > & {
+    grid-template-rows: 1fr;
+  }
+
+  // All the browsers we support have support for `grid` as well, but
+  // given that these styles are load-bearing for the expansion panel,
+  // we have a fallback to `height` which doesn't animate, just in case.
+  // stylelint-disable material/no-prefixes
+  @supports not (grid-template-rows: 0fr) {
+    height: 0;
+
+    .mat-expansion-panel.mat-expanded > & {
+      height: auto;
+    }
+  }
+  // stylelint-enable material/no-prefixes
 }
 
 .mat-expansion-panel-content {
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: column;
   overflow: visible;
+  min-height: 0;
+
+  // The visibility here serves two purposes:
+  // 1. Hiding content from assistive technology.
+  // 2. Hiding any content that might be overflowing.
+  visibility: hidden;
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled & {
+    // The duration here is slightly lower so the content
+    // goes away quicker than the collapse transition.
+    transition: visibility 190ms linear;
+  }
+
+  .mat-expansion-panel.mat-expanded > .mat-expansion-panel-content-wrapper > & {
+    visibility: visible;
+  }
 
   @include token-utils.use-tokens(
     tokens-mat-expansion.$prefix, tokens-mat-expansion.get-token-slots()) {
@@ -69,16 +112,6 @@
     @include token-utils.create-token-slot(line-height, container-text-line-height);
     @include token-utils.create-token-slot(letter-spacing, container-text-tracking);
   }
-
-  // Usually the `visibility: hidden` added by the animation is enough to prevent focus from
-  // entering the collapsed content, but children with their own `visibility` can override it.
-  // In other components we set a `display: none` at the root to stop focus from reaching the
-  // elements, however we can't do that here, because the content can determine the width
-  // of an expansion panel. The most practical fallback is to use `!important` to override
-  // any custom visibility.
-  &[style*='visibility: hidden'] * {
-    visibility: hidden !important;
-  }
 }
 
 .mat-expansion-panel-body {

src/material/expansion/expansion-panel.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
  * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.dev/license
  */
 
-import {AnimationEvent} from '@angular/animations';
 import {CdkAccordionItem} from '@angular/cdk/accordion';
 import {UniqueSelectionDispatcher} from '@angular/cdk/collections';
 import {CdkPortalOutlet, TemplatePortal} from '@angular/cdk/portal';
@@ -31,12 +30,12 @@ import {
   booleanAttribute,
   ANIMATION_MODULE_TYPE,
   inject,
+  NgZone,
 } from '@angular/core';
 import {_IdGenerator} from '@angular/cdk/a11y';
 import {Subject} from 'rxjs';
 import {filter, startWith, take} from 'rxjs/operators';
 import {MatAccordionBase, MatAccordionTogglePosition, MAT_ACCORDION} from './accordion-base';
-import {matExpansionAnimations} from './expansion-animations';
 import {MAT_EXPANSION_PANEL} from './expansion-panel-base';
 import {MatExpansionPanelContent} from './expansion-panel-content';
 
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ export const MAT_EXPANSION_PANEL_DEFAULT_OPTIONS =
   templateUrl: 'expansion-panel.html',
   encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.None,
   changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush,
-  animations: [matExpansionAnimations.bodyExpansion],
   providers: [
     // Provide MatAccordion as undefined to prevent nested expansion panels from registering
     // to the same accordion.
@@ -86,7 +84,6 @@ export const MAT_EXPANSION_PANEL_DEFAULT_OPTIONS =
   host: {
     'class': 'mat-expansion-panel',
     '[class.mat-expanded]': 'expanded',
-    '[class._mat-animation-noopable]': '_animationsDisabled',
     '[class.mat-expansion-panel-spacing]': '_hasSpacing()',
   },
   imports: [CdkPortalOutlet],
@@ -96,10 +93,11 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
   implements AfterContentInit, OnChanges, OnDestroy
 {
   private _viewContainerRef = inject(ViewContainerRef);
-  _animationMode = inject(ANIMATION_MODULE_TYPE, {optional: true});
-
-  protected _animationsDisabled: boolean;
+  private readonly _animationsDisabled =
+    inject(ANIMATION_MODULE_TYPE, {optional: true}) === 'NoopAnimations';
   private _document = inject(DOCUMENT);
+  private _ngZone = inject(NgZone);
+  private _elementRef = inject<ElementRef<HTMLElement>>(ElementRef);
 
   /** Whether the toggle indicator should be hidden. */
   @Input({transform: booleanAttribute})
@@ -139,6 +137,10 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
   /** Element containing the panel's user-provided content. */
   @ViewChild('body') _body: ElementRef<HTMLElement>;
 
+  /** Element wrapping the panel body. */
+  @ViewChild('bodyWrapper')
+  protected _bodyWrapper: ElementRef<HTMLElement> | undefined;
+
   /** Portal holding the user's content. */
   _portal: TemplatePortal;
 
@@ -156,7 +158,6 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
     );
 
     this._expansionDispatcher = inject(UniqueSelectionDispatcher);
-    this._animationsDisabled = this._animationMode === 'NoopAnimations';
 
     if (defaultOptions) {
       this.hideToggle = defaultOptions.hideToggle;
@@ -204,6 +205,19 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
           this._portal = new TemplatePortal(this._lazyContent._template, this._viewContainerRef);
         });
     }
+
+    this._ngZone.runOutsideAngular(() => {
+      if (this._animationsDisabled) {
+        this.opened.subscribe(() => this.afterExpand.emit());
+        this.closed.subscribe(() => this.afterCollapse.emit());
+      } else {
+        setTimeout(() => {
+          const element = this._elementRef.nativeElement;
+          element.addEventListener('transitionend', this._transitionEndListener);
+          element.classList.add('mat-expansion-panel-animations-enabled');
+        }, 200);
+      }
+    });
   }
 
   ngOnChanges(changes: SimpleChanges) {
@@ -212,6 +226,10 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
 
   override ngOnDestroy() {
     super.ngOnDestroy();
+    this._bodyWrapper?.nativeElement.removeEventListener(
+      'transitionend',
+      this._transitionEndListener,
+    );
     this._inputChanges.complete();
   }
 
@@ -226,36 +244,17 @@ export class MatExpansionPanel
     return false;
   }
 
-  /** Called when the expansion animation has started. */
-  protected _animationStarted(event: AnimationEvent) {
-    if (!isInitialAnimation(event) && !this._animationsDisabled && this._body) {
-      // Prevent the user from tabbing into the content while it's animating.
-      // TODO(crisbeto): maybe use `inert` to prevent focus from entering while closed as well
-      // instead of `visibility`? Will allow us to clean up some code but needs more testing.
-      this._body?.nativeElement.setAttribute('inert', '');
-    }
-  }
-
-  /** Called when the expansion animation has finished. */
-  protected _animationDone(event: AnimationEvent) {
-    if (!isInitialAnimation(event)) {
-      if (event.toState === 'expanded') {
-        this.afterExpand.emit();
-      } else if (event.toState === 'collapsed') {
-        this.afterCollapse.emit();
-      }
-
-      // Re-enable tabbing once the animation is finished.
-      if (!this._animationsDisabled && this._body) {
-        this._body.nativeElement.removeAttribute('inert');
-      }
+  private _transitionEndListener = ({target, propertyName}: TransitionEvent) => {
+    if (target === this._bodyWrapper?.nativeElement && propertyName === 'grid-template-rows') {
+      this._ngZone.run(() => {
+        if (this.expanded) {
+          this.afterExpand.emit();
+        } else {
+          this.afterCollapse.emit();
+        }
+      });
     }
-  }
-}
-
-/** Checks whether an animation is the initial setup animation. */
-function isInitialAnimation(event: AnimationEvent): boolean {
-  return event.fromState === 'void';
+  };
 }
 
 /**