diff --git a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
index 4bcce66..f3ebd00 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/zipcodewilmington/StringArrayUtils.java
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 package com.zipcodewilmington;
 
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * Created by leon on 1/29/18.
  */
@@ -25,7 +30,7 @@ public static String getSecondElement(String[] array) {
      * @return last element in specified array
      */ // TODO
     public static String getLastElement(String[] array) {
-        return null;
+        return array[array.length - 1]; //return value of array at end of arrays length minus 1
     }
 
     /**
@@ -33,7 +38,7 @@ public static String getLastElement(String[] array) {
      * @return second to last element in specified array
      */ // TODO
     public static String getSecondToLastElement(String[] array) {
-        return null;
+        return array[array.length - 2];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -42,6 +47,15 @@ public static String getSecondToLastElement(String[] array) {
      * @return true if the array contains the specified `value`
      */ // TODO
     public static boolean contains(String[] array, String value) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) { //itar through array using .contains() searching for given value
+            String s = array[i];
+            if (array[i].contains(value)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+        }
+
+
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -50,7 +64,10 @@ public static boolean contains(String[] array, String value) {
      * @return an array with identical contents in reverse order
      */ // TODO
     public static String[] reverse(String[] array) {
-        return null;
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
+        Collections.addAll(list, array);
+        Collections.reverse(list);
+        return list.toArray(new String[0]);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -58,7 +75,10 @@ public static String[] reverse(String[] array) {
      * @return true if the order of the array is the same backwards and forwards
      */ // TODO
     public static boolean isPalindromic(String[] array) {
-        return false;
+        String[] reversedArr = reverse(array);
+        return Arrays.equals(reversedArr, array);
+
+
     }
 
     /**
@@ -66,7 +86,17 @@ public static boolean isPalindromic(String[] array) {
      * @return true if each letter in the alphabet has been used in the array
      */ // TODO
     public static boolean isPangramic(String[] array) {
-        return false;
+        String x = Arrays.toString(array);
+        x = x.toLowerCase();
+        if (x.length() < 26) {
+            return false;
+        } else
+            for (char i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) {
+                if (x.indexOf(i) == -1)
+                    return false;
+            }
+        return true;
+
     }
 
     /**
@@ -75,7 +105,16 @@ public static boolean isPangramic(String[] array) {
      * @return number of occurrences the specified `value` has occurred
      */ // TODO
     public static int getNumberOfOccurrences(String[] array, String value) {
-        return 0;
+        int count = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == value) {
+                count++;
+
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        return count;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -84,24 +123,75 @@ public static int getNumberOfOccurrences(String[] array, String value) {
      * @return array with identical contents excluding values of `value`
      */ // TODO
     public static String[] removeValue(String[] array, String valueToRemove) {
-        return null;
+       /* int j = 0;
+
+        String[] x = new String[array.length-1];
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (array[i] != valueToRemove){
+                x[j] = array[i];
+                j++;
+            }
+        }
+            return x; */
+
+        ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(array));
+        while (arrayList.contains(valueToRemove)) {
+            arrayList.remove(valueToRemove);
+        }
+        return arrayList.toArray(new String[0]); //set array to 0 to populate with new arraylist
+
     }
 
+
     /**
      * @param array array of chars
      * @return array of Strings with consecutive duplicates removes
      */ // TODO
     public static String[] removeConsecutiveDuplicates(String[] array) {
-        return null;
+        //ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(array));
+        String finalString = "";
+        String lastString = "";
+        int count = 0;
+        for (String currentString : array) {
+            if (currentString == lastString) {
+                lastString = currentString;
+            } else if (currentString != lastString) {
+                finalString += currentString + " ";
+                lastString = currentString;
+                count++;
+            }
+        }
+        String[] x = new String[count];
+        x = finalString.split(" ");
+        return x;
     }
 
     /**
      * @param array array of chars
      * @return array of Strings with each consecutive duplicate occurrence concatenated as a single string in an array of Strings
+     * String[] array = {"t", "t", "q", "a", "a", "a", "b", "c", "c", "a", "a", "d", "e", "e", "e"};
+     * String[] expected = {"tt", "q", "aaa", "b", "cc", "aa", "d", "eee"};
      */ // TODO
     public static String[] packConsecutiveDuplicates(String[] array) {
-        return null;
-    }
+        int length = array.length;
+        int lastIndex = 0;
+        ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList();
+        arrayList.add(array[0]);
+        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
+            if (arrayList.get(lastIndex).contains(array[i])) {            // "aa" != "a" use contains
+                arrayList.set(lastIndex, (arrayList.get(lastIndex) + array[i]));
+            } else {
+                lastIndex++;
+                arrayList.add(array[i]);   //adds non dupes
+            }
+        }
+     return arrayList.toArray(new String[0]);
 
 
+    }
 }
+
+
+
+
+